Chapter 19-Drifting Toward Disunion 1854-1861 Flashcards
Antislavery tract, written by white southerner Hinton R helper arguing that no slaveholding whites actually suffered most in a slave economy
The Impending Crisis of the South(400)
Organization created to facilitate the migration of free laborers to Kansas in order to prevent the establishment of slavery in the territory.
New England Emigrant Aid Company(401)
Proposed Kansas constitution, whose ratification was unfairly rigged so as to guarantee slavery in the territory. Initially ratified by proslavery forces, it was later voted down when Congress required that the entire constitution be put up for a vote.
Lecompton Constitution(403)
Civil war in Kansas over the issue of slavery in the territory, fought intermittently until 1861, when it merged with the wider national Civil War.
Bleeding Kansas(403)
Supreme Court decision that extended federal protection to slavery by ruling that Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in any territory. Also it declared that slaves, as property, were not citizens of the United States.
Dred Scott v. Stanford
Financial crash bought on b gold-fueled inflation, over speculation, and excess grain production. Raised called in the North for higher tariffs and for free homestead on western public lands.
Panic of 1857(407)
Lowered duties on imports in response to a high Treasury surplus and pressure from southern farmers.
Tariff of 1857(408)
Series of debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas during the US Senate race in Illinois. Douglas won the election, but Lincoln gained national prominence and emerged as the leading candidate for the 1860 Republican nomination.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates(409)
Raised during one of the Lincoln-Douglas debates by Abraham Lincoln, who asked whether the Court or the people should decide the futures of slavery in the territories.
Freeport question(409)
Declared that since slavery could not exist without laws to protect it, territorial legislatures, not the Supreme Court, would have the final say on the slavery question, First argued by Stephen Douglas in 1858 in response to Abraham Lincoln’s “Freeport Question
Freeport Doctrine(409)
Federal Arsenal in Virginia seized by abolitionist John Brown in 1859. Though Brown was later captured and executed, his raid alarmed southerners, who believed that northerners shared in Brown’s extremism
Harper’s Ferry (411)
Formed by operate Whigs and Know-Nothings in an effort to elect a compromise candidate and avert a sectional crisis
Constitutional Union Party(412)
Failed constitutional amendments that would have given federal protection for slavery in all territories south of 36,30 where slavery was supported by a popular sovereignty. Proposed in an attempt to appease the South
Crittenden amendments (416)
Government established after seven souther states seceded from the Union. Later joined by four more states from the upper South.
Confederate States of America(416)
She wrote the abolitionist book. It helped to crystallize the rift between the North and South. It has been called the greatest American propaganda novel ever written, and helped to bring about the Civil War. In 1862, when she visited President Lincoln, legend claims that he greeted her: “So this is the little lady who made this big war?”
Harriet Beecher Stowe
This New York minister sent Beecher’s Bibles, nice guns, with followers to Kansas to support abolitionism. His sister was Harriet Beecher Stowe.
Henry Ward Beecher
The 15th President of the United States (1857-1861). He tried to maintain a balance between proslavery and antislavery factions, but his moderate views angered radicals in both North and South
James Buchanan
gave a speech in may 1856 called “ the Crime Against Kansas” militant opponent of slavery, beat with a cane by Preston Brooks after the speech, collapsed unconscious and couldn’t return to senate for 4 years, symbol throughout the north.
Charles Sumner
Fiery South Carolina Congressman who caned Charles Sumner on the Senate floor in 1856
Preston S. Brooks
Slave who sued for freedom due to living with his master in the North for an extended period of time, the Supreme Court ruled against him
Dred Scott
The fifth Chief Justice. In the Dred Scott decision (1857) he ruled that slaves and their descendants had no rights as citizens.
Roger B. Taney
a Democratic Senator from Illinois who debated Abraham Lincoln during his run for Senator in the Lincoln-Douglass Debates. He was an avid supporter of the Compromise of 1850, supported popular sovereignty
Stephen A. Douglas
16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth
Abraham Lincoln
abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia in 1858
John Brown
The South’s pro-slavery Democratic candidate in the election of 1860. Completed the split of the Democratic Party by being nominated.
John C. Breckinridge
Author of the Crittenden amendments
John Jordan Crittenden
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s widely read novel that dramatized the horrors of slavery. It heightened northern support for abolition and escalated the sectional conflict.
Uncle Toms Cabin(399)
