Chapter 18-Renewing The Sectional Struggle1848-1854

Question 1

Antislavery party in the 1848 elections that opposed the extension of slavery into the territories , arguing that the presence of slavery would limit opportunities for free laborers.

Answer 1

Free Soil Party(382)

Question 2

Inflow of thousands of miners to Northern California after reports of the discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill in January of 1848 had spread around the world by the end of that year. The onslaught of migrants prompted Californians to organize a government and apply for statehood in 1849

Answer 2

California Gold Rush(383)

Question 3

Informal network of volunteers that helped runaway slaves escape from the South and reach free-soil Canada. Seeking to halt the flow of runaway slaves to the North, southern planters and congressmen pushed for a stronger fugitive slave law.

Answer 3

Underground Railroad(387)

Question 4

Daniel Webster’s impassioned address urging the North to support the Compromise of 1850. Webster argued that topography and climate would keep slavery from becoming entrenched in Mexican Cession territory and urged northerners to make all reasonable concessions to prevent disunion.

Answer 4

Seventh of March Speech(387)

Question 5

Admitted California as a free state, opened New Mexico and Utah to popular sovereignty, ended the slave trade(but not slavery itself) in Washington D. C., and introduced a more stringent fugitive slave law. Widely opposed in both the North and South, it did little to settle the escalating dispute over slavery.

Answer 5

Compromise of 1850(387)

Question 6

Passed as part of the Compromise of 1850, it set high penalties for anyone who aided escaped slaves and compelled all law enforcement officers to participate in retrieving runaways. Strengthened the antislavery cause in the North.

Answer 6

Fugitive Slave Law(389)

Question 7

Signed by Great Britain and the United States, it provided that the two nations would jointly protect the neutrality of Central America and that neither power would seek to fortify or exclusively control any future isthmian waterway. Later revoked by the Hay-Pauncefote treaty of 1901, which gave the United States control of the Panama Canal.

Answer 7

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty(392)

Question 8

Secret Franklin Piece administration proposal to purchase or, that failing, to wrest militarily Cuba from Spain. Once leaked, it was quickly abandoned due to vehement opposition from the North.

Answer 8

Ostend Manifesto(393)

Question 9

War between Britain and China over trading rights, particularly Britain;s desire to continue selling opium to Chinese traders. The resulting trade agreement prompted Americans to seek similar concession from the Chinese.

Answer 9

Opium War(393)

Question 10

Signed by the Unites States and China, it assured the United States the same trading concessions granted to other powers, greatly expanding America’s trade with the Chinese

Answer 10

Treaty of Wanghia(393)

Question 11

Ended Japan’s two-hundred-year period of economic isolation, establishing an American consulate in Japan and securing American coaling rights in Japanese ports

Answer 11

Treaty of Kanagawa(394)

Question 12

Acquired additional land from Mexico for $10 million to facilitate the construction of a southern transcontinental railroad.

Answer 12

Gadsden Purchase(395)

Question 13

Proposed that the issue of slavery bye decided b popular sovereignty in the Kansas and Nebraska Territories, thus revoking the 180 Missouri Compromise. Introduce by Stephen Douglas in an effort the bring Nebraska into the Union and pave the way for a northern transcontinental railroad.

Answer 13

Kansas-Nebraska Act(397)

Question 14

Named father of “popular sovereignty.” Ran for president in 1848 but Gen. Taylor won. The north was against Cass because popular sovereignty made it possible for slavery to spread.

Answer 14

Lewis Cass

Question 15

General that was a military leader in Mexican-American War and 12th president of the United States. Was a Whig. Sent by president Polk to lead the American Army against Mexico at Rio Grande, but defeated. Died in 1850

Answer 15

Zachary Taylor

Question 16

United States abolitionist born a slave on a plantation in Maryland and became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in the North (1820-1913)

Answer 16

Harriet Tubman

Question 17

successor of president zachary taylor after his death on july 9th 1850. he helped pass the compromise of 1850 by gaining the support of northern whigs for the compromise. became the 13th president when taylor died. he was largely self-educated, he had made his own way in the profession of a law and the rough-and-tumble world of ny politics, he was ready to make peace and used extreme caution, he support the compromise of 1850 and helped it pass.

Answer 17

Millard Fillmore

Question 18

an american politician and the fourteenth president of the united states. his popularity in the north declined sharply after he came out in favor of the kansas-nebraska act, repealing the missouri compromise and reopening the question of the expansion of slavery in the west. Gadsden Purchase.

Answer 18

Franklin Pierce

Question 19

he tried repeatedly to take control of Nicaragua in the 1850s, backed by an armed force recruited largely in the South, he installed himself as president in July 1856 and promptly legalized slavery

Answer 19

William Walker

Question 20

American diplomat who negotiated the Treaty of Wanghia with China in 1844

Answer 20

Caleb Cushing

Question 21

an american commodore in the navy, who made a couple trips to japan. he forced the opening of japan to western trade, and prompted a revolution against the shogunate. it also foreshadowed later american imperialistic foreign policy.

Answer 21

Mathew C. Perry

Question 22

Notion advanced before the Civil War that the sovereign people of a given territory should decide whether to allow slavery. Seemingly a compromise, it was largely opposed b northern abolitionists, who feared it would promote the spears of slavery to the territories.

Answer 22

Popular sovereignty(381)