Chapter 22 - Respiratory Flashcards
Common cold is what type of infection?
VIRAL infection
Common cold affects what part of the body?
Upper respiratory tract
Manifestations of common cold?
- Malaise
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Hoarseness
- Sinus Congestion
- Myalgia
Common cold treatments?
- Antipyretic
- Decongestants
- Other OTC drugs
Parainfluenza viruses affect who more?
Cancer patients
______________ causes acute upper respiratory infection?
Influenza
Influenza manifestations?
- Fever
- Chills
- Malaise
- Watery nasal drainage
- soar throat
- myalgia
- headache
- non-productive cough
Influenza treatment?
- rest
- increase fluid intake
- keep warm
- analgesics
- cough medicine
- antivirals
What do Antivirals do?
Decreases the replication of the virus, doesn’t cure it!
- just shortens signs and symptoms*
_____________ is the site of gas exchange?
Alveoli
Green phlegm = _____________
Bacterial
Clear/Yellow phlegm = ____________
Viral
Example of an antiviral?
Tamaflu
Pneumonia signs & symptoms?
- malaise
- Fever & chills
- productive cough (yellow or green phlegm)
- May see blood tinged sputum
- pleuritic pain
In regards to infection Elderly patients may not have what?
- May not have a fever
* common sign is altered mental status*
Treatments for pneumonia?
- Droplet precautions
- Antibiotics
- pneumococcal vaccine
TB is increased in ___________ &________?
HIV & AIDS positive individuals
TB signs & symptoms?
- Fatigue
- productive cough (purulent/blood tinged)
- low-grade fevers
- night sweats
- anorexia & weight loss (20/30/40lbs a month)
- dyspnea
TB treatments?
- Airborne precautions
- multi-drug regimen
How can you tell if someone has ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS?
- chest x-ray
- acid fast bacilli (afb)
_____________ is the most common type of lung cancer?
Adenocarcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma is most common in ________?
Men
Lung Cancer Manifestations?
- Chronic cough
- Chest Pain
- Wheezing
- Dyspnea
- Henoptysis
Lung Cancer treatment?
- Surgery
- Radiation
- Systemic chemotherapy
WBC’s and Neutrophils May or may not be _____________ in Lung cancer patients?
ELEVATED
In patients with pneumonia why is the consolidation at the bottom of the lungs?
Phlegm is heavy so it sits at the bottom of the lungs
Why does pneumonia have a greater risk for hypoxia?
Alveoli are located at the bottom of the lungs, with the phlegm sitting at the bottom it makes it harder for gas exchange to occur thus leading to hypoxia
What is Hemoptysis?
Blood tinged sputum
In patients with TB, why is dyspnea fatal is untreated?
Pleural effusion can occur
What is Pleural effusion?
Fluid build up between the lungs and chest
How long does it take to develop a positive TB test?
3-6 weeks
TB is visible on x-rays… True or False
True
____________ is the survival rate for lung cancer?
16%
- 60% of patients are 65 years of age or older
