Blood Pressure Regulation Flashcards
__________ artery provides more blood to the hand?
ULNA artery
In terms of bleeding, Arteries do _______ and Veins do _________?
Arteries = squirt Veins = pool out...
What is the #1 answer to Bleeding?
- Hold pressure!
In terms of Blood Pressure which number do we worry about more?
Diastolic
What is Diastolic pressure?
The lowest pressure within the arteries
What is Systolic pressure?
Pressure at the height of the pressure pulse within the arteries
What is Pulse Pressure?
The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
What does MAP mean?
Mean Arterial Pressure
What is Mean Arterial Pressure?
The average pressure in the arterial system during ventricular contraction and relaxation
Age = and increase in ____________?
Hypertension
The Highest pressure is in the ________?
AORTA
___________________________ occurs at the beginning of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles are filling up with blood?
Diastolic Blood Pressure
_____________________________ occurs near the end of cardiac cycle when the ventricles are contracting
Systolic Blood Pressure
What is arterial blood pressure?
Represents the pressure of the blood as it moves through the arterial system
- Blood Pressure differs w/ every heart beat
Blood Pressure can be affected by what?
- Stress
- Drugs (coccaine/heroin= elevation)
- Diseases
- Exercise
- Nutritional factors
- Momentarily when we stand
Regulation of BP is found where?
In the Medulla of the brain stem
Respiratory and Cardiac centers are found where?
Behind the head
( brain stem)
Epinephrine is a _______________ which is released from the ________________?
Vasoconstrictor
Adrenal glands
Why is Epinephrine given?
Given to increase HR and blood flow
- which increases BP….?
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a role in what?
A Central role in BP regulation
Sodium 🧂 and water 💧 = ___________ ?
Buddies!
(Always together)
What is the role of the Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
Retain sodium and water which will increase blood volume and pressure
Hypertensive = Excrete Hypotensive = Retain (to get BP up)
_________________ is found in the carotid bodies of the aorta
Arterial chemoreceptors
Chemoreceptors are found where?
In the AORTA
With orthostatic hypotension a patient can be either ____________ or ____________
Symptomatic OR asymptomatic
In a patient with orthostatic hypotension what should you do if symptoms occur?
Lay or sit the patient down!
Common causes of Orthostatic Hypotension?
LOSS OF VOLUME!!
Manifestations of Orthostatic Hypotension?
- Dizziness
- Visual changes
- Diaphoresis
- Poor concentration while standing
- Palpitations
- Tremor
- Anxiety
- Presyncope, and in some cases syncope
Treatment for Orthostatic Hypotension?
FLUIDS!!!
Increase Volume
_____________is know as the silent killer ?
Hypertension
What is the most common sign and symptom of Hypertension?
Headache (frontal, chronic)
- Nothing Helps
Hypertension can cause damage to the following organs? (without an individual knowing until sometimes it’s too late)
- Heart
- Brain
- Kidneys
- Eyes
Primary Hypertension?
(essential hypertension)
Chronic elevation in blood pressure that occurs without evidence of other disease
High risk for blindness is what type of Hypertension?
Primary Hypertension
What is Secondary hypertension?
Elevation of blood pressure that results from some other disorder, such as kidney disease.
Risk factors for Hypertension?
- Family history
- Age-related changes in BP
- Race
- Insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities
- Lifestyle factors
Most common causes of Secondary Hypertension?
- Kidney Disease (renovascular hypertension)
- Adrenal cortical disorders
- Pheochromocytoma
- Coarctation
- Oral contraceptive use
The ___________ play a dominant role in BP?
Kidney(s)
