Chapter 22 Post-Fire Analysis Flashcards
What is one of the most important size of duties of first chief and company officers
locating the fire in determining its severity, foundation for rest of operation. sets # of ffers needed, equipment needed…also need to know severity and location to know life hazard, most effective point of attack and most efficient venting method.
from the point of view of a fireground commander a post-fire analysis is…
a strategy, tactics, and safety investigation
when should a post-fire analysis of strategy and tactics be conducted
after a major fire or an ordinary fire were significant event occurs (general)
A Fireground analysis be conducted when:
specific examples of when
- a firefighter is killed
- when an explosion, back draft, boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) occurs
- structure of failure occurs which injures a firefighter
- large loss by fire
who should perform the post-fire analysis
the officer in command or another the chief officer
who gains the greatest benefit from the post-fire analysis
the chief officer doing the analysis
of the three parts to a post fire-ground analysis
- the fire fact sheet- information about the fire, the structure, strategy, and tactics
- fire-ground diagram- overhead line drawing showing the fire building, exposures, apparatus, ladder placement, point of origin, collapse, and explosion areas
- photographic documentation- photos of significant factors identified in part one into
two important facts for the fire analysis fact sheet
point of origin
cause of fire
fire spread beyond the point of origin is primarily determined by a structures
design and construction
what is the fire spread weakness in each of the major five categories of construction
- fire resistive- HVAC
- non/limited- combustible- combustible roof deck
- ordinary- concealed voids and spaces
- heavy timber- large fire load tremendous radiant heat
- wood frame- combustible exterior walls/ small horizontal separation between buildings
general collapse characteristics of standard building construction types
- fire resistive- localized spalling concrete, ( steel skeleton buildings) steel floor support means separate from main girder at connection
- noncombustible- early roof collapse
- ordinary -parapet walls of brick and joist buildings often collapsed near the roof level or at setbacks
- heavy timber- fully involved building suffer floor collapse followed by masonry wall collapse
- woodframe- bearing wall collapse with instantaneous floor collapse
the most frequent causes of burning building collapse
- fire destruction
- explosion
- backdraft
- BLEVE
- impact of postings or equipment, striking structure
- accumulation of water on roofs and upper floors
in what stage of fire to most people burning buildings collapse
second and third stages of fire
fire service defined strategy as
the planning and directing of actions of large number of firefighter, apparatus, and equipment
the commander the commander must designate officers for specific preplanned divisions, and groups to command fires including…
fireground designation plan (A,B,C,D)
fire building designation plan
fire communication plan
plan to establish the location/ identification of CP
plan to establish an alternate water supply
guidelines that should be followed for creating a post-fire analysis diagram
- use standard symbols
- overhead drawing with the exposure number at the bottom of page
- on writing symbols on diagram should be readable from left to right, ( exposure number, bottom of pg)
- date time of the fire
- alarm box number
- address of fire, top of page
- relative the size (scale) be discernible
- construction type
- height in stories, width, length ( lower left-hand corner of diagram)
on a fire diagram the area of fire origin is denoted by
a Greek cross
on the fire diagram… area fire damage
diagonal lines
on fire diagram… fatality
cross small portion presents head, S supine, P prone
on fire diagram… engine
rectangle with lines representing hoses
on fire diagram… latter
rectangle with ladder, aerial platform represented by box at the end of letter
on a fire diagram… portable deluge
semicircle
on a fire diagram… floor or roof collapse
crossed or double diagonal lines… can also indicate an exterior masonry wall collapse
on a fire diagram… wind direction
aligned with an arrowhead
on the fire diagram… North
N
what is the most important part of a post-fire analysis
photographic documentation
how many pictures does it take to create a 50 minute lecture
25
what should be photographed
- all four exposures
- avenues of fire spread
- point of origin
- explosions… fixture
- collapse
- exact position of the body
- water supply
what’s the problem with fire investigations, that are automatically performed
they occur only after a fire fatality in these investigations concentrate on safety and survivable at a fire. they do not address by fighting strategy and tactics
