Chapter 2 Terms of Construction and Building Design Flashcards
Active fire protection
fire protection provided by automatic sprinklers and fire hose streams
what are the three basic methods of constructing wood frame buildings
- balloon construction
- braced-frame
- platform
beams
horizontal structural member subject to compression tension sheer
one of the three methods of supporting a beam
cantilever beam support
continuous beam support
simple supported beam
braced frame construction
sometimes called post and girts, vertical timbers called post reinforce each of the four corners of the structure and horizontal timbers called girts reinforce each floor. post and girts are connected by fastenings called mortise and tendon joints
Bridge truss
perpendicular trust used in steel bar truss for systems to provide lateral stability
another name for buttress
wall column
cold formed steel beam
sheet steel being used in lightweight steel floor construction
the impact of an aerial platform master strain striking a veneer wall at close range can cause
curtain fall wall collapse
collapse of an interior wall that breaks apart horizontally. the top collapses inward, back on top of the structure; the bottom collapses outward on the street.
inward outward collapse
what type of wood frame construction collapses in an inward outward manner
braced frame constructed buildings, timber truss roof collapse can cause a secondary collapse in a front wall in this manner
lean to floor collapse
floor collapse in which one end of the floor beams remain partially supported by the bearing wall, and the other end of the floor beams collapses. can be classified as supported or unsupported depending upon the position of the collapse beam ends
what type of collapse is characterized by: floor collapses and an interior partition or wall holds up the center of the following floor
tent floor collapse
the collapse of the floor at the center of the floor beams the broken center of the floor section collapses down upon the floor below
v shape for collapse
an opening in a floor slab for a stair between floors
convenient stair or access stair
horizontal surface covering supported by floor or roof beam
deck
a wavy piece of sheet steel deck used to support concrete floor
fluted metal deck, corrugated metal deck
a structural element that supports a floor or roof beam.
girder
gravity load
combination of the dead load and a live load
hat truss
a means of load distribution connecting core columns and perimeter columns, World Trade Center
a support used to reinforce an opening in the floor of a wood frame, ordinary, or heavy timber building. It is placed perpendicular between two trimmer beams and supports the shorter, cut off beams ( tail beams)
header beam
interstitial space
concealed space between floors used to contain large mechanical and electrical equipment also called a Plenum
kip
one kip equals 1000 pounds
lintel
and horizontal piece of timber stone or steel placed over an opening in a wall. The lentil is a load bearing structural element that supports and redistributes the load above the opening
axial load
passes through the center of the structure, most efficient manner by which a load can be transmitted
concentrated load
load applied at one point or within a limited area of the structure. example would be a heavy cast iron tub inside a small bathroom
dead load
a static or fixed load created by the structure itself and the permanent equipment within
one of the five major loads that must be considered in the design of the building
live, wind, impact, seismic, and dead loads
eccentric load
load transmitted off-center or on even through a structural member
impact load
a load applied suddenly to structure, such as a shockwave or master stream
live load
a transient or movable load such as a building’s content occupants in the weight of firefighters
static load
load that remains constant or applied slowly
torsional load
load that creates a twisting stress on the structural member, for example when a large steel girder collapse at one end and the other inexperienced a torsional twisting stress
passive fire protection
fire containment provided by a structure is considered passive fire resistance.. examples include partition walls and spray on fire retardant foam
pilaster
missionary columns bonded to and built as an integral part of the inside of a missionary wall
wood frame residential building construction that has a complete level of 2 x 4 would enclosing walls raised and nailed together
platform woodframe construction
a timber laid horizontally perpendicular to support the common rafters of the roof
purlin
a horizontal timber that frames the highest point of a peaked roof
ridgepole
the name for the concealed space above a suspended ceiling is called a
cockloft
would larger than 2 x 4”
timber
and wood being constructed around the perimeter of a floor opening, it supports the header beam
trimmer beam
a partition wall that extends from the floor slab to the floor slab above
demising wall
spandrel wall
portion of an exterior wall between the top of one window in the bottom of another
veneer wall
is finished or facing brick or stone wall viewed from the outside of the building is fastened to a backing wall by sheet metal ties or cement… curtainwall collapse
vertical collapse zone
1 1/2 or two times the height of the wall
