Chapter 22- Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

Question 1

Lamarkism

Answer 1

• inheritance of acquired traits hypothesis- 1809

- refuted by modern genetics

Question 2

Lyell

Answer 2

uniformitarianism

Question 3

Thomas Malthus

Answer 3

• influenced Darwin

Question 4

vestigial structures

Answer 4

• a feature of an organism that is a historical remnant of a structure that served a function in the organism’s ancestors.
• extinct organisms have them
• coccyx, goosebumps
• fossil genes

Question 5

analogous

Answer 5

having characteristics that are similar because of convergent evolution, not homology

Question 6

homology

Answer 6

similarity in characteristics resulting from shared ancestry

Question 7

endemic

Answer 7

referring to a species that is confined to a specific geographic area

Question 8

Darwin’s Four Postulates

Answer 8

1. Individuals within species are variable
2. Some of these variations are passed to offspring
3. In every generation, more offspring are produced that can survive
4. The survival and reproduction of individuals are not random