Chapter 22 Current Flashcards
Give 4 ways to prevent an injury to the head, face, eyes, ear, nose and throat
⭐
1) correct treatment and form
2) collision and contact
3) education and protection
4) proper treatment
What is the difference between retrograde and antegrade amnesia?
1) Retrograde - long term (yearly or lifelong - Who is the president?)
2) Antegrade - short term (24 hr period - What did you eat for breakfast?)
Give 4 questions to ask an athlete during the history portion of your head injury assessment
1) Can you remember who we played last week? - retrograde amnesia
2) Can you remember walking off the field?- antegrade amnesia
3) Does your head hurt?
4) Do you know where you are and what happened?
Give 10 things (5 needed) to look for during the observation portion of your head injury assessment ⭐
1) disoriented and doesn’t know where they are
2) blank/vacant stare
3) slurred speech
4) delayed verbal and motor response
5) easily distracted
6) normal emotional response
7) swelling/ bleeding on scalp
8) cerebrospinal fluid in ear
9) Normal cognitive function
10) memory deficit
What does pearl stand for?
Pupils equal round and relative to light
Explain how to perform the Romberg test, what is it assessing, and (+) signs
- static balance, determine ability to stand and stay motionless, tandem stance is ideal
-balance, Coordination, and sense of position
-losing balance or significant swaying when eyes are closed while standing with feet together
Explain how to perform Coordination tests, what they are assessing and (+) signs
- finger to nose, heel-to-toe walking
- how well you can coordinate multiple body parts at once (smoothly and effectively)
-inability to perform tasks, difficulty with rapid alternating movements
Explain 4 common cognitive tests and (+) signs
1) Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM)
2) CNS Vital signs
3) AXON
4) Immediate and Post Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT)
What cause, sign, and care of a skull fracture?
Cause: Blunt Trauma
Sign: severe headache and nausea, raccoon eyes, battle sign, cerebrospinal fluid in nose and ears
Care: immediate hospitalization and neurosurgeon
What are a cause, sign, and care for a concussion? ⭐
Cause: direct blow, acceleration/deceleration forces shaking of the brain
Sign: diminished consciousness or unconsciousness that lasts seconds to minutes, headache, tinnitus, nausea, irritability, confusion, disorientation, dizziness, post traumatic amnesia, retrograde amnesia, concentration difficulty, blurred vision, photophobia, sleep disturbances.
Care:
What are the cause, sign, and care for post concussion syndrome?
What are the cause, sign, and care for an athlete with second impact syndrome? ⭐
What are the cause, sign, and care of a mandible fracture? ⭐
What are the cause, sign, and care for a facial laceration?
What are the cause, sign, and care for a tooth subluxation or avulsion? ⭐
What are the cause, sign, and care for a nosebleed & what is the medical term? ⭐
What are the cause, sign, and care for cauliflower ear? ⭐
What are the cause, sign, and care for swimmers ear?
What are the cause, sign, and care for a black eye & what is the medical terms? ⭐
What are the cause, sign, and care for an orbital fracture? ⭐
What are the cause, sign, and care for hyphema?
What are the cause, sign, and care for a throat contusion?
What are the two common ear infections?
What is second-impact syndrome?
