Chapter 22 Abdominal Assessment Flashcards
What do you look for during inspection of the abdomen (4)
-Scars
-Brusing
-Skin integrity
-Discharge/fluids
What color are old scars?
White
What color are new scars?
Pink
What sound does the diaphragm of the stethoscope pick up?
High sounds
Normal findings for palpation of the abdomen (2)
-Soft
-Moves
Where is kidney pain found
Back/flank
What diseases are found in the RUQ? (2)
-Cholecystitis
-Gall bladder disease
Where does diverticulitis present itself first?
LLQ
What do you listen with when listening to the renal arteries, iliac arteries, and aorta?
The bell
What are you assess with light palpation of the abdomen?
-Pain
-Soft
-Mobile
-Lesions/masses
Deep palpation of the abdomen assess?
Organs
Organs in the RUQ (6)
-Liver
-Gallbladder
-Duodenum
-Head of pancreas
-Right kidney
-Hepatic feature of colon
Organs is LUQ (6)
Stomach
-Spleen
-Left lobe of liver
-Body of pancreas
-Left kidney
-Splenic flexure of colon
Organs in RLQ
-Cecum
-Appendix
-Right ovary and tube
-Right ureter
-Right spermatic cord
Organs in LLQ (5)
Descending colon
-Sigmoid colon
-Left ovary and tube
-Left ureter
-Left spermatic cord
Subjective assessment of abdomen (9)
-Appetite
-Dysphagia
-Food intolerance
-Abdominal pain
-Nausea/vomiting
-Bowel habits
-Past abdominal Hx
-Medication
-Nutritional assessment
4 Types of contour
-Flat
-Scaphoid
-Rounded
-Protuberant
Normal umbilicus
Inverted
Findings for distention due to obesity
-Rounded
-Normal bowel sounds
-Normal palpation
Findings for distention due to air or gas
-Single rounded curve
-Hyperactive bowel sounds
-May have muscle spasm
Finding for distention due to ascities
-Single curve
-Elevated umbilicus
-Bulging flanks
-Normal bowel sounds
-Taut skin
Findings for distention due to ovarian cyst
-Curve in lower half of abdomen
-Everted umbilicus
Symptoms of hepatitis (4)
-Mild to moderate pain in RUQ
-Anorexia
-Nausea
-Low-grade fever
GERD symptoms
-Burning pain
-Heartburn
Gallbladder symptoms
-Sudden pain in RUQ
-Nausea
-Vomiting
Pancreas symptoms
-Acute midepigastric pain
-Severe nausea and vomiting
Duodenum ulcer symptoms
-Dull, aching pain
-Relieved by food
Gastric ulcer symptoms
-Dull, aching pain in epigastric
-Brought on by food
Kidney stone symptoms
-Sudden onset of severe low back/flank pain
Gastroenteritis Symptoms
-Generalized abdominal pain
Large bowel obstruction
-Moderate, colicky pain
-Gradual onset in lower abdomen
-Bloating
IBS Symptoms
-Sharp, burning pain
-Brought on by food
Umbilical hernia occurs when
-Pregnancy
-Chronic ascites
-Chronic increased intrathoracic pressure
Incisional hernia occurs when
Sx
Epigastric hernia occurs where
Epigastrium
Diastasis Recti is what
A seperation of the abdomina rectus muscles
Hyperactive bowel sounds are said to be what
Borborygmi
In arterial sounds in the abdomen, a bruit indicates what
-Turbulent blood flow
-Constricted, abnormally dialated
Venous hum occurs where
Periumbilical region
Venous hum occurs with what diseases (2)
-Portal hypertension
-Cirrhosis
Enlarged liver is tender with what diseases (3)
-Early heart failure
-Acute hepatitis
-Hepatic abscess
Enlarged nodular liver occurs when (3)
-Late portal cirrhosis
-Metastatic cancer
-Tertiary syphilis
Enlarged tender gallbladder occurs when
Cholecystitis
Enlarged non-tender gallbladder occurs with
-Gall stones
-Bile duct obstruction
Enlarged kidney
