Chapter 22 Abdominal Assessment Flashcards by Jeff Shinker

What do you look for during inspection of the abdomen (4)

-Scars
-Brusing
-Skin integrity
-Discharge/fluids

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What color are old scars?

White

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What color are new scars?

Pink

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What sound does the diaphragm of the stethoscope pick up?

High sounds

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Normal findings for palpation of the abdomen (2)

-Soft
-Moves

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Where is kidney pain found

Back/flank

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What diseases are found in the RUQ? (2)

-Cholecystitis
-Gall bladder disease

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Where does diverticulitis present itself first?

LLQ

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What do you listen with when listening to the renal arteries, iliac arteries, and aorta?

The bell

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What are you assess with light palpation of the abdomen?

-Pain
-Soft
-Mobile
-Lesions/masses

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Deep palpation of the abdomen assess?

Organs

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Organs in the RUQ (6)

-Liver
-Gallbladder
-Duodenum
-Head of pancreas
-Right kidney
-Hepatic feature of colon

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Organs is LUQ (6)

Stomach
-Spleen
-Left lobe of liver
-Body of pancreas
-Left kidney
-Splenic flexure of colon

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Organs in RLQ

-Cecum
-Appendix
-Right ovary and tube
-Right ureter
-Right spermatic cord

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Organs in LLQ (5)

Descending colon
-Sigmoid colon
-Left ovary and tube
-Left ureter
-Left spermatic cord

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Subjective assessment of abdomen (9)

-Appetite
-Dysphagia
-Food intolerance
-Abdominal pain
-Nausea/vomiting
-Bowel habits
-Past abdominal Hx
-Medication
-Nutritional assessment

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4 Types of contour

-Flat
-Scaphoid
-Rounded
-Protuberant

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Normal umbilicus

Inverted

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Findings for distention due to obesity

-Rounded
-Normal bowel sounds
-Normal palpation

Findings for distention due to air or gas

-Single rounded curve
-Hyperactive bowel sounds
-May have muscle spasm

Finding for distention due to ascities

-Single curve
-Elevated umbilicus
-Bulging flanks
-Normal bowel sounds
-Taut skin

Findings for distention due to ovarian cyst

-Curve in lower half of abdomen
-Everted umbilicus

Symptoms of hepatitis (4)

-Mild to moderate pain in RUQ
-Anorexia
-Nausea
-Low-grade fever

GERD symptoms

-Burning pain
-Heartburn

Gallbladder symptoms

-Sudden pain in RUQ -Nausea -Vomiting

Pancreas symptoms

-Acute midepigastric pain -Severe nausea and vomiting

Duodenum ulcer symptoms

-Dull, aching pain -Relieved by food

Gastric ulcer symptoms

-Dull, aching pain in epigastric -Brought on by food

Kidney stone symptoms

-Sudden onset of severe low back/flank pain

Gastroenteritis Symptoms

-Generalized abdominal pain

Large bowel obstruction

-Moderate, colicky pain -Gradual onset in lower abdomen -Bloating

IBS Symptoms

-Sharp, burning pain -Brought on by food

Umbilical hernia occurs when

-Pregnancy -Chronic ascites -Chronic increased intrathoracic pressure

Incisional hernia occurs when

Epigastric hernia occurs where

Epigastrium

Diastasis Recti is what

A seperation of the abdomina rectus muscles

Hyperactive bowel sounds are said to be what

Borborygmi

In arterial sounds in the abdomen, a bruit indicates what

-Turbulent blood flow -Constricted, abnormally dialated

Venous hum occurs where

Periumbilical region

Venous hum occurs with what diseases (2)

-Portal hypertension -Cirrhosis

Enlarged liver is tender with what diseases (3)

-Early heart failure -Acute hepatitis -Hepatic abscess

Enlarged nodular liver occurs when (3)

-Late portal cirrhosis -Metastatic cancer -Tertiary syphilis

Enlarged tender gallbladder occurs when

Cholecystitis

Enlarged non-tender gallbladder occurs with

-Gall stones -Bile duct obstruction

Enlarged kidney