Chapter 22 Flashcards
Which lymphatic vessel carries lymph away from the interstitial fluid and tissue cells?
Lymphatic capillaries
Which lymphatic vessel is formed by the converging of lymphatic capillaries?
collecting vessels
Which lymphatic vessel is formed by the converging of lymphatic collecting vessels?
lymphatic trunks
Which lymphatic vessel drains lymph from the right arm?
right lymphatic duct
Which lymphatic vessel drains into the left subclavian vein?
thoracic duct
Which lymphatic vessel drains into the right subclavian vein?
right lymphatic duct
When does lymph become lymph?
Lymph is the fluid that is formed when interstitial fluid enters the initial lymphatic vessels of the lymphatic system.
What is the name of the collection of lymphoid nodules scattered throughout the connective tissue of mucous membranes?
(MALT) mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
Which lymphatic organ filters lymph?
lymph nodes
Which lymphatic organ filters blood?
spleen
Which lymphatic organ surrounds the naso and oropharynx?
pharyngeal and palatine tonsils
Which lymphatic organ matures T cells?
Thymus
What is the name of the fibrous framework of the lymph node?
stroma
What is the name of the area where functioning cells are located within the lymph node?
parenchyma
Which lymphatic organs have capsules?
thymus, lymph node, and spleen
Trace the lymph flow through a lymph node.
afferent vessel – cortex and medulla layer — efferent vessel
Which tonsil lines the base of the tongue?
lingual
Which tonsil lies at the posterior region of the oral cavity?
palatine
Which tonsil lines the posterior wall of the nasopharynx?
pharyngeal tonsil
What is the name of the process of the coating of an antigen with a material that enhances phagocytosis?
opsonization
What is the name for that chemical release that attracts phagocytosis?
chemotaxis
What is the name of the antiviral proteins produced by virus-infected cells?
interferons
What part of the skin provides an excellent physical barrier to microbes?
epidermis
What is the name of the peptide coating on the skin’s surface that kills microbes?
defensins
What is the name of the film of lactic acid from sweat that inhibits bacterial growth on skin?
acid mantle
What substance ensnares microbes?
mucous
What substance present in mucus, saliva, and tears kills bacteria?
lysozyme
What is the name of the sticky gel within areolar tissue the inhibits the movements of microbes?
hyaluronic acid
What type of immunity develops after administration of a vaccine?
artificial active
What type of immunity develops after exposure to an antigen in the environment?
natural active
What type of immunity is produced by the transfer of antibodies?
passive
What type of cell is involved with cell-mediated immunity?
T cell (helper and cytotoxic)
What type of cell is involved with the production of antibodies?
plasma cell
What type of T cell inhibits T cell and B cell activity?
regulatory t cells
What type of T cell directly attacks enemy cells?
cytotoxic cell
What type of T cell promotes killer T cell and B cell activity?
helper t
What type of T cell is an inactive clone?
memory t
What is the name of the process where antibodies bind to an antigen and expose a complement-site?
complement fixation
What is the name of the process where antibodies block the active site of a bacteria?
neutralization
What is the name of the process where antibodies bind to many antigens causing the complex to come out of solution?
precipitation
What is the name of the process where antibodies cause the clumping together of cells?
agglutination
