ANP 2 FINALS Flashcards
Glucocorticoids decrease or increase blood sugar levels.
Increase
High blood sugar levels stimulate or inhibit glucocorticoid secretions?
Inhibit
Low blood sugar levels stimulate or inhibit glucocorticoid secretion?
Stimulate
The adrenal medulla secretes hormones that act like parasympathetic or sympathetic nerves.
mimics sympathetic nerve stimulation
Aldosterone decreases or increases blood sodium levels?
increases
Increased blood volume decreases or increases aldosterone secretion?
increases
Decreased blood volume decreases or increases aldosterone secretion?
decreases
Which hormone causes an increased flexibility of the pubic symphysis?
Relaxin
Which hormone helps dilate the cervix during labor and delivery?
Relaxin
Which hormone regulates spermatogenesis?
Testosterone
Which hormone directly promotes and maintains masculine secondary sex characteristics?
Testosterone
Which hormone directly promotes and maintains feminine secondary sex characteristics?
Estrogen & progesterone
Which hormone directly regulates the female reproductive cycle?
Estrogen & progesterone
Which hormone directly maintains pregnancy?
Estrogen & progesterone
The effect of decreasing the numbers of target cell receptors in the presence of excess hormone is known as:
Down-regulation
The effect of increasing the numbers of target cell receptors in the presence of deficient hormone is known as:
Up-regulation
Up-regulation makes the target cells more or less responsive to a particular hormone?
more
Down-regulation makes the target cells more or less responsive to a particular hormone?
less
Which type of hormone circulates in free form in plasma?
Water-soluble hormones
Which type of hormone circulate attached to transport proteins?
Fat-soluble hormones
Glucagon decreases or increases blood sugar levels?
raises blood glucose levels
Insulin decreases or increases blood sugar levels?
decreases
High blood sugar levels stimulate or inhibit glucagon secretion?
inhibit
High blood sugar levels stimulate or inhibit insulin secretion?
stimulate
Low blood sugar levels stimulate or inhibit insulin secretion?
inhibit
Low blood sugar levels stimulate or inhibit glucagon secretion?
stimulate
Which cells of the pancreas produce hormones?
alpha or A cells
beta or B cells
delta of D cells
F cells
Which hormone causes an increase in blood calcium levels?
calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone secretion is stimulated or inhibited by decreased blood calcium levels?
stimulated
Parathyroid hormone secretion is stimulated or inhibited by increased blood calcium levels?
inhibited
The hypothalamus produces the hormones antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin which are released in the _____ pituitary gland.
Posterior
Which posterior pituitary hormone stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth?
oxytocin
Which posterior pituitary hormone stimulates ejection of milk from the mammary glands during lactation?
oxytocin
Which posterior pituitary hormone prevents water loss by the body?
antidiuretic hormone
Low blood volume stimulates or inhibits secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
stimulates
High blood volume stimulates or inhibits secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
inhibit
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes vasocontriction or vasodilation?
vasocontriction
Prolactin causes an increased or decreased flow of milk from the mammary gland.
increased
Which anterior pituitary hormone stimulates secretion of glucocorticoids from the suprarenal gland?
adrenocorticotropic ACTH
Which anterior pituitary hormone stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones?
thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyroxin) TSH
Which anterior pituitary hormone initiates the development of oocytes?
follicle-stimulating hormone FSH
Which anterior pituitary hormone stimulates the testes to produce sperm?
follicle-stimulating hormone FSH
Which anterior pituitary hormone stimulates secretion of estrogens and progesterone?
luteinizing hormone LH
Which anterior pituitary hormone stimulates ovulation?
luteinizing hormone LH
Which anterior pituitary hormone stimulates growth of body cells and tissue repair?
human growth hormone (somatotropin)
Thyroid hormones cause a decrease or an increase in the basal metabolism rate?
increase
Thyroid hormones cause a decrease or an increase in protein synthesis?
increase
Thyroid hormones cause a decrease or an increase in the breakdown of fats?
increase
Thyroid hormones cause a decrease or an increase in the use of glucose?
increase
Which hormone causes a decrease in blood calcium levels?
calcitonin
Calcitonin secretion is stimulated or inhibited by increased blood calcium levels?
stimulated
Calcitonin secretion is stimulated or inhibited by decreased blood calcium levels?
inhibited
