Chapter 22 Flashcards
what were reformers that had several goals for fixing urban problems, improving government, and regulating business called?
Progressives
What did progressives believe?
That the government and big businesses were taking advantage of people rather than serving them.
What was one very powerful group during the time of progressives?
The Political Machines
What did the political machines control?
Local government, jobs, and services in the city.
What were some traits of the Political Machines?
They were corrupt and found ways to make money illegally.
They would accept bribes from landlords to overlook violations of city codes, take money from companies that hoped to do business in the city, and also receive kickbacks or illegal payments. Who did this?
The political machines.
Under systems like the political machines what happened in government?
People in government would give their friends or people they wanted in office jobs.
What was it called when leaders gave government jobs and other favors to their political supporters?
patronage
What was the Pendleton act?
Set up the Civil Service Commission to give tests to federal jobs.
What does the Sherman Act say?
Outlaws every contract, combination, or conspiracy in restraint of trade, and any monopolization, attempted monopolization, or conspiracy or combination to monopolize.
What is an oligopoly?
A group of businesses agreeing to limit competition and raise their prices to make larger profits.
What was the interstate commerce act?
It required railroads to charge and publish “reasonable and just” prices.
What is a tariff
A tax on imported goods
What was the goal of tariffs?
They believed that making imported goods more costly would be less appealing to buy than goods made at home.
What does socialism believe?
that government should own resources and operate major industries on behalf of all the people.
What is progressivism?
An urban, middle‐class reform movement, supported the government taking a greater role in addressing such issues as the control of big business and the welfare of the public.
What is an initiative?
The right of voters to place an issue on the ballot in the state elections.
What are referendums and what caused them?
Gave voters the opportunity to accept or reject laws and initiatives caused them.
What is a recall?
Allows voters to remove incompetent elected officials.
What does the 17th amendment say?
The direct election of senators by the people.
When did the campaign for women’s suffrage start?
Decades before the civil war
In 1848 what did mostly women, and some men do?
They gathered in Seneca Falls, New York to discuss the problem of women’s rights
In 1850, what happened to the WSM?
It gained steam but slowly declined before the civil war.
What does the 15th amendment state?
It gave all men the right to vote but not women
After the 15th amendment, what did most women believe?
That this was their chance to push lawmakers into universal suffrage
What was the NAWSM plan?
To blitz a campaign that mobilized state and local suffrage organizations all over the country, peacefully.
What was the National Women’s party’s plan?
Be more violent and get publicity doing rebellious acts.
