Chapter 21 Flashcards
Name 5 reasons people would leave their home and move to another country.
Economic reasons
Overcrowding and poverty
Farmers could not own enough land to support themselves
Crop issues
Unfair laws were made against certain ethnic groups
What is the first thing an immigrant would have to do on the harsh travel to the US?
Travel to a port
How long did these journeys take?
12 days from Europe to American and several weeks from Asia to America
What were the cramped living quarters on the lower level of the ship called?
Steerage
What did immigrants have to do before entering the US?
Pass through government reception centers
Where did immigrants go when they first came to the US?
Ellis Island in the East and Angel Island in the West
Where is Angel Island located?
San Francisco
What would the United States do if they could not read or understand an immigrant’s last name?
They would shorten it or change it.
What questions would examiners ask? 3 points
If they had family in the US
Their occupation
Where they came from
What is another exam people were given?
They were given health exams and if they failed they would be denied citizenship
What was a challenge for an immigrant when coming to America?
Finding a job
How long would immigrants often have to work?
12 hour days 7 days a week
Where did most immigrants settle due to the fact they had no farmland?
In big cities
What group was formed in the 1800s and what were they for?
A nativist woman created a group that called for restrictions on immigration
What act did congress pass in 1882?
The Chinese exclusion act which prohibited Chinese workers from entering the United States for 10 years
What is an urban area?
Thickly populated city or town.
Why did people move to cities? 2 points
New farm equipment no longer needed as many people to work a farm
After the civil war, more African Americans began moving to cities in search of jobs
Which cities developed into huge meat-packing companies and why?
Chicago and Kansas City and because trains could easily bring cattle there
What city became the head of the steel industry?
Pittsburg
Which cities grew as trading seaports?
New York and San Francisco
What is a building where several families would live in a single room or an apartment?
A tenement
What is a poor rundown urban neighborhood?
A slum
What was the definition of the middle class?
Made and enjoyable comfortable but not in wealth
What are residential areas that sprang up outside of the city centers?
Suburbs
What issues occurred with the rapid growth of cities? 3 points
Garbage and horse manure piled up on the streets
Sewers could not handle the amount of human waste
As a result, disease became widespread
What is a place in a large city where people get assistance with social problems and challenges related to urban life?
A settlement
What things started to pop up in big cities? 4 points
Skyscrapers
new kinds of public transportation
new bridges
public parks began to appear
What was a form of transportation in this time period?
Streetcars which were pulled by horses on tracks
What was a trolley?
A small train powered by overhearing electric cables.
What did steel bridges do for cities?
Linked cities that were once divided by rivers.
What is the Brooklyn Bridge?
1600 feet long and connects manhattan and Brooklyn.
What were 3 examples of realism books?
Call of the wild
Adventures of Huckleberry Fin
The sea wolf
What were the first movies in theaters called?
Nickelodeons because it cost a nickel to get in.
What were ethnic groups?
groups of people who share a common culture and heritage
