Chapter 22 Flashcards
1) Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic and immune system?
a) Draining excess interstitial fluid
b) Maintaining water homeostasis in the body
c) Transporting dietary lipids
d) Carrying out immune responses
b) Maintaining water homeostasis in the body
2) What is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid?
a) Composition of electrolytes
b) White blood cells are present in lymph
c) Location
d) Types of proteins present
e) Red blood cells are present in interstitial fluid
c) Location
3) Lack of resistance is also known as:
a) Pathogenic
b) Innate
c) Specific
d) Susceptibility
e) Lymphatic
d) Susceptibility
4) Describe how lymphatic capillaries are one-way only vessels.
Solution: The ends of the endothelial cells in the wall of the lymphatic capillary overlap. When pressure is higher in the interstitial fluid than in the lymph, the cells separate slightly allowing interstitial fluid into the vessel. When pressure is greater inside, the cells are tightly packed, not allowing the lymph to cross back into the interstitial fluid.
5) What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white?
a) Proteins
b) WBC
c) RBC
d) Lipids
e) Carbohydrates
d) Lipids
6) Which of the following is not considered an organ of the immune system?
a) Spleen
b) Lymph node
c) Red bone marrow
d) Thymus
e) Pancreas
e) Pancreas
7) The left subclavian vein receives lymph from the
a) Left axillary vein
b) Lumbar trunk
c) Jugular trunk
d) Thoracic duct
e) Right lymphatic duct
d) Thoracic duct
8) The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in the
a) Lymphatic system
b) Cardiovascular system
c) Immune system
d) Lymphatic and Immune systems only
e) Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems
e) Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems
9) Which organ produces a hormone that promotes maturation of T cells?
a) Spleen
b) Lymph node
c) Red bone marrow
d) Thymus
e) Pancreas
d) Thymus
10) In which part of the thymus are T cells thought to die?
a) Capsule
b) Trabeculae
c) Epithelial cells
d) Thymic (Hassall’s) corpuscles
e) T cells do not die in the thymus
d) Thymic (Hassall’s) corpuscles
11) Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system?
a) Drain excessive interstitial fluid
b) Transport dietary lipids
c) Carry out immune responses
d) All of these are functions of the lymphatic system
e) None of these are functions of the lymphatic system
d) All of these are functions of the lymphatic system
12) Which of the following is a function of the spleen?
a) Removes worn out blood cells
b) Circulates lymph
c) Cleanses interstitial fluid
d) Cleanses lymph
e) Traps microbes with mucus
a) Removes worn out blood cells
13) Which of these does NOT provide a physical or chemical barrier?
a) Macrophages
b) Saliva
c) Urine
d) Mucus
e) Stratified squamous epithelium
a) Macrophages
14) Describe the barriers used in innate defense.
Solution: Barriers used by the innate defense include epidermis, mucus, hairs, cilia, lacrimal apparatus, saliva, urine, vaginal secretions, sebum, perspiration and gastric juices.
15) Which of these provides a non-specific cellular disease resistance mechanism?
a) Macrophages
b) T lymphocytes
c) B lymphocytes
d) Memory B cells
e) Stratified squamous epithelium
a) Macrophages
16) Which anti-microbial substances reduce viral replication (in uninfected cells)?
a) Transferrins
b) Perforins
c) Complement proteins
d) Defensins
e) Interferons
e) Interferons
17) Which anti-microbial substances promote cytolysis, phagocytosis and inflammation?
a) Transferrins
b) Perforins
c) Complement proteins
d) Defensins
e) Interferons
c) Complement proteins
18) Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation?
a) Redness
b) Pain
c) Heat
d) Mucus production
e) Swelling
d) Mucus production
19) Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair?
a) Complement proteins
b) Perforin
c) Fever
d) Macrophages
e) Natural killer cells
c) Fever
20) Which chemical(s) do NOT induce vasodilation and permeability (increased fluid flow) to an infection site?
a) Histamines
b) Kinins
c) Perforin
d) Leukotrienes
e) Complement
c) Perforin
21) When B and T cells are fully developed and mature, they are described as being
a) Immunocompetent
b) Pluripotent stem cells
c) Primary lymphatic cells
d) Specifically promoted
e) Germ cells
a) Immunocompetent
22) Which of the following induces the production of a specific antibody?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Antigen
c) Antibody
d) Defensin
e) Immunoglobulin
b) Antigen
23) Which of the following stimulates an immune response ONLY when it is attached to a large carrier molecule?
a) Epitope
b) Antigen
c) Hapten
d) MHC antigen
e) CD8
c) Hapten
24) Genetic recombination generates diversity in what part (s) of the immune system?
a) Antigen receptors
b) MHC antigen
c) Hapten
d) MHC antigen and antigen receptors
e) Epitopes
d) MHC antigen and antigen receptors
25) Which class of cells includes macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells?
a) Antigen presenting cells
b) Primary lymphocytes
c) T cells
d) RBC
e) Epitope cells
a) Antigen presenting cells
26) To become activated, which of the following requires being bound to a foreign antigen AND simultaneous costimulation?
a) B Cell
b) T Cell
c) Interferon
d) MHC antigen
e) Antigen presenting cell
b) T Cell
27) Which cells display CD4 proteins and interact with MHC Class II antigens?
a) Cytotoxic T cells
b) Helper T Cells
c) Memory T Cells
d) MHC antigens
e) B cells
b) Helper T Cells
28) Which T cell toxin fragments DNA?
a) Perforin
b) Tumor antigen
c) Interferons
d) Lymphotoxin
e) Toxin T
d) Lymphotoxin
29) List the five actions of antibodies.
Solution: Antibodies can act as a neutralizing agent, they can immobilize bacteria, agglutinate and precipitate the antigen, activate the complement and enhance phagocytosis.
30) Which class of antibodies is mainly found in sweat, tears, breast milk and GI secretions?
a) IgG
b) IgA
c) IgM
d) IgD
e) IgE
b) IgA