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History > Chapter 22 1 2 3 4 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 1 2 3 4 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of entertainment did elections provide

A

brass bands, torchlight parades, picnics, and long speeches

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2
Q

What two concerns shaped politics

A

Corruption and Power of the Rich

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3
Q

What often led to corruption

A

Patronage

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4
Q

Who became president on 1881

A

James Garfield

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5
Q

Who became president after James Garfield died

A

V.P. Chester A. Arthur

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6
Q

What was president James Garfield a product of

A

The Spoil System

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7
Q

What did President Grover Cleveland sign in 1887 that dealt with interstate issues

A

The Interstate Commerce Act (Created the Interstate Commerce Commission [ICC])

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8
Q

What did the Interstate Commerce Act forbid

A

practices such as pools and rebates

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9
Q

Who became President in 1888

A

Benjamin Harrison

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10
Q

What do Benjamin Harrison sign in 1890 that was antitrust

A

The Sherman Antitrust Act

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11
Q

What did Political Bosses do

A

gained power in many cities and ruled country and state governments

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12
Q

With who were City bosses popular

A

poor and immigrants

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13
Q

What did City bosses do with poor/immigrants

A

provided loans so that they would vote for someone of the boss’s choice

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14
Q

Who cheated New York City out of more than $100 million during the 1860s and 1870s

A

Boss William Tweed

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15
Q

Who exposed Boss Tweed

A

Journalists

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16
Q

Where did Tweed flee to and get arrested

A

Spain (died in jail)

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17
Q

What did reformers use to turn the public opinion against corruption

A

they used the press

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18
Q

What were the reformers called

A

Muckraker

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19
Q

Who was a popular Muckraker who made How the Other Half Lives

A

Jacob Riis

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20
Q

Who made The Jungle, a novel which revealed the details of the meatpacking industry

A

Upton Sinclair

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21
Q

What was the time between 1898-1917 called

A

the Progressive Era (because Progressives won many changes)

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22
Q

Which progressive became governor of Wisconsin and introduced progressive reforms (Wisconsin Idea)

A

Robert La Follette

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23
Q

What progressive reforms did Robert La Follette introduce (Wisconsin Idea)

A

Lowered railroad rates, called for primitives to allow voters to participate more with elections, adopted a primary (1903)

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24
Q

What gave voters more power

A

Initiatives, referendums, and recalls

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25
Q

What did the 16th Amendment do (passed in 1913)

A

Let congress pass an income tax

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26
Q

What did the 17th Amendment do (ratified 1913)

A

Allowed for direct election of senators

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27
Q

What is a Trustbuster

A

person who wanted to destroy all trusts

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28
Q

What is the Square Deal

A

Theodore Roosevelt’s campaign promise that all groups would have an equal opportunity to succeed

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29
Q

What is the Pure Food and Drug Act

A

a 1906 law that requires food and drug makers to list ingredients on packages

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30
Q

What is Conservation

A

protection of natural resources

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31
Q

What is a National Park

A

area set aside by the federal government for people to visit

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32
Q

What is the Bull Moose Party

A

Progressive Republicans who supported Theodore Roosevelt during the election

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33
Q

What is New Freedom

A

President Wilson’s program to break up trusts and restore American economic competition

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34
Q

What is the Federal Reserve Act

A

a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government that power to control the money supply

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35
Q

What is a Muckracker

A

journalist who exposed corruption and other problems of the late 1800s and 1900s

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36
Q

What is a Progressive

A

reformer in the late 1800s and early 1900s who wanted to improve American life

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37
Q

What is Public Interest

A

the good of the people

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38
Q

What is the Wisconsin Idea

A

series of Progressive reforms introduced in the early 1900s by Wisconsin governor Robert La Follette

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39
Q

What is a Primary

A

election in which voters choose their party’s candidate for the general election

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40
Q

What is Initiative

A

process by which voters can put a bill directly before the state legislature

41
Q

What is a Referendum

A

process by which people vote directly on a bill

42
Q

What is a Recall

A

process by which voters can remove an elected official from office

43
Q

What is Graduated Tax Income

A

tax on earnings that charges different rates for different income levels

44
Q

What is the Gilded Age

A

the period in American history lasting from the 1870s to the 1890s, marked by political corruption and extravagant spending

45
Q

What is Patronage

A

the practice of awarding government jobs to political supporters

46
Q

What is the Civil Service Commission

A

government agency created by the Pendleton Act of 1883 to fill federal jobs on the basis of merit

47
Q

What is Civil Service

A

all federal jobs except elected offices and those in the military

48
Q

What is Interstate Commerce

A

business that crosses state lines

49
Q

What is the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)

A

government agency organized to oversee railroad commerce

50
Q

What is the Sherman Antitrust Act

A

a 1890 law that banned the formation of trusts and monopolies in the United States

51
Q

Why did Theodore Roosevelt enter politics

A

to end corruption

52
Q

Where did Teddy Roosevelt fight in 1898

A

Spain

53
Q

To who was Theodore Roosevelt a V.P.

A

President McKinley

54
Q

After McKinley was shot in 1901 who became President?

A

President Theodore Roosevelt

55
Q

What trusts were broken up under T.R. using the Sherman Antitrust Act

A

Northern Securities (first time Sherman Antitrust act was used against trusts), Standard Oil, and American Tobacco Company

56
Q

Who was the first president to side with labour

A

Theodore Roosevelt

57
Q

Who ran and won the 1904 election

A

Theodore

58
Q

What was the ICC given the power to do in 1906

A

set railroad rates

59
Q

Who backed William Howard Taft

A

Theodore Roosevelt

60
Q

Who was William Howard Taft before becoming president

A

The Secretary of War before becoming President

61
Q

What type of causes did William Howard Taft support

A

Progressive

62
Q

Who ran against Taft as a Republican Candidate in 1912

A

Theodore Roosevelt

63
Q

After Roosevelt lost the Republican nomination what did he form

A

The Bull Moose Party

64
Q

Because of the split in the Republican party, who won the election of 1912

A

Woodrow Wilson of the Democratic Party

65
Q

Who created New Freedom

A

Woodrow Wilson

66
Q

What passed in 1913 to regulate banks

A

The Federal Reserve Act (to regulate banks)

67
Q

What was created in 1914 to ensure fair competition between businesses

A

The FTC (Federal Trade Commission)

68
Q

What was signed in 1914 by Woodrow Wilson to ban some business practices which limited free enterprise and stopped antitrust laws from being used against unions

A

Clayton Antitrust Act

69
Q

What was William Tweed’s nickname

A

Boss Tweed

70
Q

What was the Spoil System

A

Unfair deciding of jobs and position and nepotism

71
Q

What was made in 1869 by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony

A

the National Women Suffrage Association (NWSA)

72
Q

Who were important woman suffragists

A

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Alice Paul and Carrie Chapman Catt

73
Q

What was passed in 1919 which guaranteed women the right to vote

A

The 19th Amendment

74
Q

Even after the 19th Amendment what did women struggle to receive

A

jobs and education

75
Q

What did women move to ban

A

Alcohol

76
Q

What was passed in 1917 that banned alchohol

A

The 18th Amendment

77
Q

What was the National Woman Suffrage Association

A

group set up in 1869 to work for a constitutional amendment to give women the right to vote

78
Q

What is a Suffragist

A

person who worked for women’s right to vote

79
Q

What was the 19th Amendment

A

a 1919 amendment to the United States Constitution that gives women the right to vote

80
Q

What is the WCTU

A

(Women’s Christian Temperance Union) group organized in 1874 that worked to ban the sale of liquor in the United States

81
Q

What is the 18th Amendment

A

a 1917 amendment to the United States Constitution that made it illegal to sell alcoholic drinks

82
Q

What was an African American organization in America

A

The NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People)

83
Q

Who made the NAACP

A

W.E.B Du Bois

84
Q

Who wrote Up from Slavery and built trade schools for blacks

A

Brooker T. Washington

85
Q

Who was a black journalist for Free Speech

A

Ida B. Wells

86
Q

Who was the first African American to be worth over $1 million

A

Sarah Walker

87
Q

Who was a black scientist who researched peanuts

A

George Washington Carver

88
Q

What is a Lynch

A

for a mob to illegally seize and execute someone

89
Q

What is the N.A.A.C.P

A

(National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People) organization founded in 1909 to work toward equal rights for African Americans

90
Q

What is a Barrio

A

Mexican neighborhood in the US

91
Q

What is a Mutualista

A

Mexican American mutual aid group

92
Q

What was the “Gentlemen’s Agreement”

A

a 1907 agreement the US and Japan to limit immigration

93
Q

What is the Society of American Indians

A

group that worked for social justice and tired to push Native American into the American mainstream

94
Q

Where did Mexicans live

A

Barrios in lands from the Gadsden Purchase and Treaty of Guadeloupe-Hidalgo

95
Q

Why did Mexicans move to America

A

famine and revolution in Mexico

96
Q

What were immigrant workers use for

A

cheap labour

97
Q

Where did Asian Americans come from

A

Korea, Japan (from Gentlemen’s Agreement), and Philippines

98
Q

What did the Dawes Act do

A

divided reservations into farmland to bring natives into mainstream american life, though the land was unsuitable for farming

History (8 decks)

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