Chapter 21 Quiz Flashcards
An overdose of acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol, will MOST likely cause:
A. kidney failure.
B. CNS depression.
C. gastric ulcers.
D. liver failure.
D. liver failure.
Chapter 21, page 764, Specific Poisons
Of the four avenues of poisoning, generally ___________ is the most worrisome in terms of treatment to the EMS provider.
A. injection
B. inhalation
C. absorption
D. ingestion
A. injection
Chapter 21, page 751, How Poisons Enter the Body
You receive a call to a residence where a man found his wife unresponsive on the couch. The patient’s respiratory rate is 8 breaths/min, her breathing is shallow, her heart rate is 40 beats/min, and her pulse is weak. The husband hands you an empty bottle of hydrocodone (Vicodin), which was refilled the day before. You should:
A. ventilate her with a BVM.
B. contact the poison control center.
C. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.
D. perform a rapid head-to-toe exam.
A. ventilate her with a BVM.
Chapter 21, page 753, Patient Assessment
Which of the following statements regarding the Salmonella bacterium is correct?
A. The Salmonella bacterium produces toxins that cause food poisoning.
B. The Salmonella bacterium itself causes food poisoning.
C. Refrigeration of food will prevent salmonellosis.
D. Symptoms of salmonellosis appear within 12 hours.
B. The Salmonella bacterium itself causes food poisoning.
Chapter 21, page 766, Food Poisoning
Heroin is an example of a(n):
A. sympathomimetic.
B. opioid.
C. cholinergic.
D. hypnotic.
B. opioid.
Chapter 21, page 758, Specific Poisons
The recommended treatment for absorbed or contact poisons includes _________.
A. transporting the patient to the emergency department with the poisonous substance in place
B. collecting and transporting the poisonous substance to the emergency department for identification
C. safely removing or diluting the poisonous substance
D. neutralizing the poisonous substance with a chemical
C. safely removing or diluting the poisonous substance
Chapter 21, page 750, How Poisons Enter the Body
Activated charcoal is given to patients who have ingested certain substances because it:
A. is a direct antidote for many toxic substances.
B. binds to the substance and prevents absorption.
C. decreases absorption of poisons into the lungs.
D. induces vomiting and empties the stomach.
B. binds to the substance and prevents absorption.
Chapter 21, page 755, Emergency Medical Care
When caring for a known alcoholic patient with severe trauma to the chest and abdomen, you should be concerned that:
A. delirium tremens (DTs) are commonly induced by physical trauma and can lead to life-threatening seizures.
B. long bone fractures are likely because chronic alcohol consumption weakens the structure of the bones.
C. signs and symptoms of shock may be masked by the stimulant effects produced by alcohol.
D. internal bleeding may be profuse because prolonged alcohol use may impair the blood’s ability to clot.
D. internal bleeding may be profuse because prolonged alcohol use may impair the blood’s ability to clot.
Chapter 21, page 757, Specific Poisons
Which of the following questions would be LEAST pertinent during the initial questioning of a patient who ingested a substance?
A. How much of the substance was taken?
B. How long ago was the substance taken?
C. What type of substance was taken?
D. Why was the substance ingested?
D. Why was the substance ingested?
Chapter 21, page 754, Patient Assessment
Hypotension, hypoventilation, and pinpoint pupils would be expected following an overdose of:
A. crack cocaine.
B. amphetamine sulfate (Benzedrine).
C. oxycodone (Percocet).
D. ecstasy.
C. oxycodone (Percocet).
Chapter 21, page 758, Specific Poisons
