Chapter 16 Quiz Flashcards
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when:
A. the aorta ruptures, resulting in profound bleeding.
B. the inner layers of the aorta become separated.
C. all layers of the aorta suddenly contract.
D. a weakened area develops in the aortic wall.
B. the inner layers of the aorta become separated.
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
A. right atrium.
B. right ventricle.
C. left ventricle.
D. left atrium.
A. right atrium.
The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:
A. atrioventricular node.
B. bundle of His.
C. coronary sinus.
D. sinoatrial node.
D. sinoatrial node.
A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours’ duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, her respirations are 22 breaths/min, and her oxygen saturation is 92%. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should:
A. administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further.
B. obtain a SAMPLE history and contact medical control for advice.
C. give her high-flow oxygen, attach the AED, and transport at once.
D. give her one nitroglycerin and reassess her systolic blood pressure.
A. administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further.
A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which of the following conditions should you suspect that he has experienced?
A. Uncontrolled hypertension
B. Obstructive lung disease
C. Thoracic aortic aneurysm
D. Acute myocardial infarction
D. Acute myocardial infarction
Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:
A. regularly take illegal drugs.
B. have chronic hypertension.
C. have had a stroke in the past.
D. are older than 40 years of age.
B. have chronic hypertension.
You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should:
A. begin high-quality CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible.
B. perform two-rescuer CPR for 5 minutes and request ALS backup.
C. immediately apply the AED pads and analyze his cardiac rhythm.
D. have your partner perform CPR while you question the bystanders.
A. begin high-quality CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible.
Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Labored breathing
C. Flat jugular veins
D. Dependent edema
D. Dependent edema
When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECG, the “LL” and “RL” electrodes should be placed:
A. on the lower abdomen.
B. on the thighs or ankles.
C. on either side of the chest.
D. anywhere on the arms.
B. on the thighs or ankles.
Angina pectoris occurs when:
A. myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply.
B. myocardial oxygen supply exceeds the demand.
C. a coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque.
D. one or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm.
A. myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply.
