Chapter 21 Hemodynamics And Circulatory Flashcards
What are the blood vessels that Carrie’s blood away from the heart to other organs
Arteries
What blood vessels carries blood from the tissues back to the heart?
Veins
Which layer of the arterial wall is responsible for vasoconstriction?
Tunica media
Which layer of the arterial wall is primarily composed of elastic and collagen fibres?
Tunica externa
When an artery or arteriole is damaged, it’s smooth muscle layer contracts producing what?
A vascular spasm
Elastic arteries function as what?
Pressure reservoirs
In resting individuals, which vessels serve as a large blood reservoir from which blood can be quickly diverted to other vessels as needed?
Veins and venules
Which type of blood vessel plays a key role in regulating blood flow into capillaries?
Arterioles
Capillaries are also referred to as?
A) exchange vessels
B) vasoconstrictors
C) vasodilators
A) exchange vessels
Which of the following is the most important method of capillary exchange? A) diffusion B) transcytosis C) bulk flow D) primary active transport
A) diffusion
Which of the following structures is used to control the flow of blood through a capillary bed? A) thoroughfare channels B) pre capillary sphincters C) post capillary sphincters D) venules
B) pre capillary sphincters
Which of the following types of tissues contains continuous capillaries?
A) skeletal muscle B) smooth muscle C) connective tissue D) lungs E) all of the above
E) all of the above
What structures are found in veins but not in arteries?
Valve
What is the name of the alternative route to a body part through an anastomoses?
Collateral circulation
What is the name of the largest driving force for pulling fluid from the interstitial spaces back into capillaries?
Blood colloid osmotic pressure
What is the pressure-driven movement of fluids and solutes from the blood into interstitial fluid?
Filtration
What is the volume of blood that circulates through the systemic (or pulmonary) blood vessels per minute called?
Cardiac output
What two things is cardiac output dependent on?
Heart rate and stroke volume
Which of the following would not result in an increase in arterial blood pressure A) increased blood volume B) increased sympathetic stimulation C) increased HR D) increased arteriolar vasodilation
D increased arteriolar vasodilation
Which of the following would NOT result in an increase in sympathetic vascular resistance?
A) decreased diameter of systemic arterioles
B) increased blood viscosity
C) decreased length of systemic circulatory route
C decreased length of systemic circulatory route
What characteristics of blood depends mostly on the ratio of RBCs to plasma volume
Blood viscosity
Where is the cardiovascular centre located?
Medulla Oblongata
All of the following aid in venous return of blood to the heart except? A) the skeletal muscle pump B) respiratory pump C) blood viscosity D) venoconstriction E) venous valves
C) blood viscosity
What would be a normal response of the CV system to a decreased frequency of action potentials arising from the baroreceptors?
Increased systemic vascular resistance
