Chapter 21 Flashcards
Speciation
the procces in which new species are produced
Biological speciecs concept
The concept that species are groups of interbreeding populations that are able to produce viable and fertile offspring
morphological species concept
The idea that members of the same species usaually look like each other more than other species
also applicable on a molecular level
Cyrptic species
Once thought to be a single species but are really two
Hybrid offspring
The offspring produced by two closely related species
niche
a particular role a specices has in its environment
Ecological species concept
The concept that there is a one to one correspondence between species and it niche
phlyogentic species concept
the idea that members of a species all share a common ancestry and common fate
prezygotic isolation factors
isolating factors before the fetilization of an egg
postzygotic isolation factors
isolation factors after the fertilization of an egg
geographic isolation
a prezyogtic isolation factor in which the species can not mate because they are separted in space
ecological isolation
a prezyogtic isolation factor in which the species can not mate because of where they live or what they do in the environment
temporal isolation
a prezyogtic isolation factor in which the species can not mate because they have different mating cycles
behavioual isolation
a prezyogtic isolation factor in which the species can not mate because they have differing sexual selection methods
gametic isolation
a prezyogtic isolation factor in which the species can not mate because the gametes are not comapatable
mechanical isolation
a prezyogtic isolation factor in which the species can not mate because the parts do not fit
genetic incompatibility
a postyogtic isolation factor in which the species can not because of genetic dissimilarity
partially reproductively isolated
A population that has no yet diverged but are diferent enough to produce hybrid with reduced fetility of viability
Allopatry
a form of speciation that occurs when populations are physically separated from one anothe
Subspecies
Allopatric populations that have yet to evolve reproductive isolation but have aquires population specific traits
humans vs neanderthals
Dispersal
the procces by which some individuals colonize a distant place from their parents
vicariance
the procces by which a physical barrier arries within a single population
Peripatric speciation
A specific kind of allopatric speciation in which individuals from a mainland population disperse to a new location and evolve separately
mainland population
the central and largest population of a species
