chapter 21 Flashcards
What does Regulation SHO regulate?
short sales
The _________________________ regulates margin requirements.
Federal Reserve Board
In order to sell short, Regulation SHO requires that securities be easy or hard to borrow?
easy to borrow
Secondary market trades involving U.S. Government securities settle _____________________.
next business day (T+1)
The _____________________ has the authority to regulate margin requirements.
Federal Reserve Board
____________ governs the extension of credit by BDs.
Regulation T
The current Reg T margin requirement is ____%.
50%
Define Regulation T.
The percentage a customer must deposit when purchasing securities or selling short
Does the payment date requirement of Regulation T apply to cash or margin accounts?
Payment is required within 5 business days for both (100% in a cash account, 50% in a margin account).
What stocks does the FRB deem to be marginable?
Those stocks listed on major exchanges and on Nasdaq
What document allows a BD to lend customer securities to someone wishing to sell them short?
Loan Consent Agreement
True or False: Customers are required to sign the Loan Consent Agreement.
False, signature is optional
Hypothecation is synonymous with what term?
pledge
The ________________ Agreement describes the customer’s pledging of securities as collateral to the BD.
Hypothecation
When a customer buys on margin, how much cash may a BD borrow from a bank?
100% of the debit balance
What is the maximum amount of securities that a BD may rehypothecate to a bank?
140% of the debit balance
What is the rate of interest that a bank charges a BD on margin loans?
call rate
What is a customer using when she borrows funds to increase the size of her position?
leverage
Customers are given ____ business days after settlement date to pay for their portion of the trade.
Customers are given two business days after settlement date to pay for their portion of the trade. (S + 2 or T + 5)
True or False: Firms may establish their own in-house rules relating to payment dates and minimum requirements.
True. However, the requirements must be at least as stringent as those established by the regulators.
The formula for determining equity in a long margin account is: ____________ - __________ = Equity
Long Market Value (LMV) - Debit Balance = Equity
In a margin account, customers pay interest on the ________ balance.
debit balance
Any amount of equity greater than 50% is called _______________.
excess equity
Where will excess equity be recorded?
The Special Memorandum Account (SMA)
Calculate SMA using the following balances: LMV $40,000, Debit $10,000 and Equity $30,000
Equity - 50% of the LMV = Excess Equity ($30,000 - $20,000 = $10,000)
How is the account affected if SMA is withdrawn?
Debit balance increases and equity decreases.
True or False: Market declines will reduce SMA.
False. The only way to lose SMA is to use SMA.
A client with $3,000 of SMA has buying power of $________.
$6,000
How is buying power calculated?
SMA divided by Reg T of 50% (just remember SMA x 2)
A client buys stock on margin and makes no cash deposit because he uses SMA. How are the account balances affected?
LMV and Debit both increase by the full purchase price; no change is made to equity.