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Biology 202 > Chapter 20 The Heart > Flashcards

Chapter 20 The Heart Flashcards

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1
Q

True or False: The hear is located in the middle of the mediastinum?

A

True posterior to the sternum and anterior to vertebral column.

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2
Q

True or False: The heart is anterior to the lungs?

A

False, the heart is medial to the lungs

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3
Q

True or False: The heart is not at an angle?

A

False the heart is at an angle. It is titled a little

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4
Q

True or False: The pericardium surrounds the heart?

A

True

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5
Q

What surrounds the heart?

A

The pericardium

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6
Q

True or False: The epicardium is one of the 3 layers of the heart? In particular, it is the outer layer?

A

True

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7
Q

True or False: The fistula is one of the 3 layers of the heart? In particular, it is the middle layer?

A

False, the three layers of the heart are Epicardium, Myocardium, and Endocardium. The middle layer is the myocardium

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8
Q

True or False: The Endocardium is one of the 3 layers of the heart? In particular, it is the inner layer.

A

True

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9
Q

What are the three layers of the heart?

A

Epicardium, myocardium, and the endocardium.

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10
Q

True or False: The pericardium is composed of 2 layers?

A

True, they are the fibrous

layer and the serous layer.

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11
Q

True or False: One of the layers of the pericardium is the fibrous layer?

A

True

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12
Q

True or False: One of the layers of the pericardium is the epicardium?

A

False, the two layers of the pericardium are the fibrous and serous layer.

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13
Q

What are the layers of the pericardium?

A

Fiberous and serous.

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14
Q

True or False: The pericardium is a membrane that surrounds the heart to protest it and keep it where it is?

A

True

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15
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

A membrane that surrounds the heart to protest it and keep it where it is.

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16
Q

True or False: The fibrous layer of the pericardium is the outmost layer?

A

True

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17
Q

True or False: The fibrous layer of the pericardium is made of dense irregular connective tissue?

A

True

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18
Q

True or False: The Fibrous layer of the pericardium is very flexible?

A

False

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19
Q

True or False: The fibrous layer of the pericardium is meant for flexibility?

A

False, the fibrous layer is meant for protection and to anchor the heart.

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20
Q

True or False: The serous is the inner portion of the pericardium layer?

A

True

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21
Q

True or False: The serous turns outward at the top or base of the heart?

A

False, it turns inward at the base or top of the heart?

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22
Q

True or False: The serous is compared of two layers the parietal and the visceral?

A

True

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23
Q

True or False: The parietal pericardium layer of the serous adhere to the protein layers of the heart?

A

False, it adheres to the fibrous layer

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24
Q

True or False: The visceral pericardium of the serous layer is the epicardium?

A

True

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25
Q

What is the pericardium composed of?

A

The fibrous and serous layer

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26
Q

What are the 2 layers of the serous?

A

Parietal and visceral pericardium

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27
Q

What is the pericardial fluid?

A

It is a fluid that acts as a lubricant and absorbs shock.

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28
Q

True or False: The Epicardium is thick and with colored walls?

A

False, it is thin and the transparent layer.

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29
Q

True or False: The Myocardium is the thinnest layer?

A

False, it is the thickest layer.

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30
Q

True or False: The myocardium contains cardiac muscle?

A

True, it is involuntary striated with intercalated disks.

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31
Q

True or False: Intercalated disks contain gap junctions and desmosomes?

A

True, the gap junctions allow ions to pass and desmosomes attach cardiac cells to each other.

32
Q

True or False: The endocardium is continuous with the vascular endothelium?

A

True

33
Q

True or False: There are 5 chambers in the heart?

A

False there are 4 2 upper atria and 2 lower ventricles

34
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

A

2 upper atria

2 lower ventricles

35
Q

True or False: There are 4 valves in the heart?

A

True, they are the atrioventricular valves and the semilunar valves

36
Q

True or False: The tricuspid opens on the left ventricle?

A

False, the Tricuspid opens on the right ventricle.

37
Q

True or False: Bicuspid opens to the right ventricle?

A

False, opens to the left ventricle.

38
Q

What side is the Triscupid?

A

It is on the right and it has 3 cusp

39
Q

What side is bicuspid.

A

It is on the left and has 2 cusps

40
Q

What do the chordae Tendieae do?

A

They help to attach the cusps. Or attache to the walls of the heart.

41
Q

What do the papillary muscles do?

A

Help to slow the closure of your AV valves.

42
Q

True or False: The pulmonary valve sends blood to the pulmonary system?

A

True

43
Q

True or False: The aortic valve sends it to the aorta?

A

True

44
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

On the right and opens to the pulmonary trunk

45
Q

Aortic valve

A

On the left and opens to the aortic valve

46
Q

True or False: take oxygenated blood from the lungs and pump it to the body

A

False, it takes venous blood from the body (not oxygenated) and pumps it to the lungs for oxygen.

47
Q

True or False: The left heart takes venous blood from the body (not oxygenated) and pumps it to the lungs for oxygen?

A

False, The left heart takes oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body.

48
Q

True or False: The top heart is the strong pumper and the left ventricle has the strongest pump?

A

False, that is the bottom heart. The top heart has the weak pump and blood passively flows from the atria to the ventricles.

49
Q

True or False: The bottom heart is the weak pumper blood passively flows from the atria to ventricles?

A

False, the bottom heart is the strong pumper and the left ventricle has the strongest pump.

50
Q

What is the difference between the right heart and the left heart?

A

The right heart takes the venous blood from the body (not oxygenated) and pumps it into the lungs for oxygen. In contrast, the left heart takes oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body.

51
Q

What is the difference between the top heart and the bottom heart?

A

The top heart is the weak pump blood passively flows from the atria to ventricles. In contrast the bottom heart is the strong pump and the left ventricle has the strongest pump.

52
Q

True or False: The right ventricle hypertrophy is caused by high blood pressure?

A

False, it is caused by chronic lung disease.

53
Q

True or False: The left ventricle hypertrophy is caused by chronic lung disease?

A

False it is causes by high blood pressure.

54
Q

What is right ventricle hypertrophy?

A

chronic lung disease

Your right is going to be sending blood to the pulmonary system. If there is an issue with your lungs your heart has to work harder. Any type of chronic disease will cause more muscle to be made and will have hypertrophy and more strain on your heart.

55
Q

What is left ventricle hypertrophy?

A

High blood pressure.

This goes towards your body. This is talking about anything wrong with the vessels of the body. You are putting strain on your left ventricle and cause more issues.

56
Q

What is the difference between right and left ventricle hypertrophy?

A

The left ventricle hypertrophy is causes by high blood pressure; in contrast, the right ventricle hypertrophy is caused by chronic lung disease.

57
Q

True or False: Stenosis is caused by rheumatic fever autoimmune disease?

A

True

58
Q

True or False: Stiffended cusps or tissue scarring is part of stenosis?

A

True

59
Q

True or False: Stenosis makes the heart work more and scarring occurs?

A

True

60
Q

True or False: heart murmur causes regurgitation and turbulence?

A

True

61
Q

True or False: Stenosis is not a valve disorder?

A

False, it is a valve disorder

62
Q

True or False: heart murmur is not a valve disorder?

A

False, it is.

63
Q

True or False: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is when the valve closes properly?

A

False, it is when the valve does not close properly, the valve bulges and can lead to blood leaking back into atria. Not all require treatment.

64
Q

What is Mitral valve prolapse?

A

It is when the valve does not close properly, valve bulges and can lead to blood leaking back into atria.

65
Q

True or False: MVP is a valve disorder?

A

True

66
Q

True or False: The aorta is part of the arteries?

A

True

67
Q

True or False: The superior and inferior vena cava is part of the arteries?

A

False, it is part of the veins.

68
Q

True or False: The pulmonary trunk is part of the arteries?

A

True

69
Q

True or False: The coronary arteries are part of the arteries?

A

True

70
Q

True or False: The superior and inferior vena cava is part of the veins.

A

True

71
Q

True or False: The left and right pulmonary veins are part of the arteries?

A

False, it is part of the veins.

72
Q

True or False: The coronary sinus is part of the arteries?

A

False, it is part of the veins.

73
Q

True or False: The left and right pulmonary veins are part of the veins?

A

True

74
Q

True or False: the coronary sinus is part of the veins?

A

True

75
Q

Name the 3 arteries.

A

Aorta, pulmonary trunk, coronary arteries

76
Q

Name the 3 veins.

A

Superior and inferior vena cava, the left and right pulmonary veins, and the coronary sinus.

Biology 202 (5 decks)

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