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Human Anat & Phys. 2 > Chapter 20 Lymphatic > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Lymphatic Flashcards

0
Q

Lymph

A

Interstitial fluid once it enters lymph vessel. Slow, one way flow back to the heart.

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1
Q

Lymphatic Cells (Lymphatics)

A

Collects interstitial fluid that is forced out the arterial end of the capillaries, not reabsorbed back through the venous end of the capillaries. (~L/day)

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2
Q

Scattered throughout the body

A

Lymph tissues and organs

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3
Q

Lymphatic capillaries distribution

A

Everywhere except bone, teeth, CNS, and bone marrow

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4
Q

Lymphatic capillaries blind ended

A

Interwoven between blood capillaries; extremely permeable to fluid due to mini valves (which are endothelial cells loosely overlapping each other).

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5
Q

Lacteals

A

In intestinal wall; absorb digested fats for seperate transport back to the cardiovascular system.

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6
Q

Lymphatic collection vessels

A

Layers the same as veins, but thinner

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7
Q

Lymphatic trunks

A

Union of largest collection vessels

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8
Q

Lumbar trunks

A

Lower body

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9
Q

Bronchomediastinal trunks

A

Thorax

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10
Q

Subclavian trunk

A

Arms

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11
Q

Jugular trunks

A

Head

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12
Q

Intestinal trunk

A

Digestive organs

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13
Q

Lymphatic ducts

A

Union of trunks; empty into subclavian veins at internal jugular vein junction

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14
Q

Right lymphatic duct

A

Drains right arm; right chest and right head

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15
Q

Thoracic duct

A

Drains rest of body

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16
Q

Cisterna chyli

A

Start of thoracic duct draining both lumbar and intestinal trunks

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17
Q

Lymph transport

A

Similar to blood flow in veins.

Respitory pump with breathing, skeletal muscle pump, one way valves, smooth muscle contraction

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18
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Involved with immune reactions fighting against antigens (Foreign Substances)

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19
Q

B Cells

A

Become plasma cells and make antibodies against antigens

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20
Q

T Cells

A

Directly attack foreign cells/tissues

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21
Q

Macrophages

A

Phagocytize foreign substances and help activate T cells

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22
Q

Reticular connective tissues make

A

Fibers for the internal framework (stroma) of lymph tissues and organs

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23
Q

Lymphatic tissue consists of

A

Reticular connective tissue
Diffuse lymphatic tissue
Lymphatic follicles
Mucosa associated with lymphatic tissue

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24
Q

Reticular connective tissue

A

Loose internal framework that makes up all lymphoid organs except thymus

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25
Q

Diffuse lymphatic tissue

A

Collections of lymphoid cells found anywhere

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26
Q

Lymphatic follicle (nodules)

A

Spherical areas found anywhere and in lymph organs

27
Q

Germinal center

A

Center of follicles where B lymphocyte cells reside and multiply

28
Q

Mucosa associated lymphatic tissue

A

Tonsils
Peyers Patches
Appendix

29
Q

Tonsils function

A

Guard entrance to the throat (pharynx) by removing pathogens in food and air

30
Q

Location of Palantine tonsils

A

On the sides of the soft palate in the oral cavity

31
Q

Lingual tonsils location

A

At the base of the tongue

32
Q

Pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids) location

A

Posterior walls of the nosopharynx

33
Q

Crypts (tonsils)

A

Invaginations of epithelium into tonsils trap bacteria for destruction and memory

34
Q

Peyer’s Patches

A

Isolated collection of lymphatic follicles embedded in small intestine wall

35
Q

Appendix

A

Heavy concentration of lymphatic follicles

36
Q

Bronchi walls contain

A

Lymphatic follicles to protect the Respitory system

37
Q

Lymphatic organs

A

Contain fibrous capsule around discrete lymph tissue

38
Q

Primary lymph organs (red bone marrow and thymus)

A

Sites where lymphoid cells originate and colonize other lymph tissues and organs

39
Q

Secondary lymph organs (lymph nodes and spleens)

A

Sites where immune responses occur, along with lymph tissues

40
Q

Thymus Location

A

Superior mediastinum overlaying the heart; size shrinks with age

41
Q

Thymus structure

A

Contains many lobules containing the cortex and medulla.

42
Q

Cortex

A

Densely packed T lymphocytes; no B cells or follicles

43
Q

Function of Thymus

A

T cell maturation

No immune surveillance (doesn’t direct fight antigens)

44
Q

Lymph Node

A

Hundreds clustered along lymphatic vessels. Especially concentrated in cervical, ancillary, and inguinal regions

45
Q

Lymph node function

A

Protects by:
Filtering lymph
Immunology

46
Q

Filtering lymph

A

Macrophages clean debris, dead cells and microbes

47
Q

Immunology

A

Lymphocytes detect and mount immune response against antigens

48
Q

Lymph node size and shape

A

Been shape less than one inch w/ a fibrous connective tissue capsule

49
Q

Trabeculae

A

Inward extensions of the capsule divide node into sections

50
Q

Cortex

A

Outer denser part of lymph node. Contains lymphatic follicles with their lighter germinal center of rapidly dividing B lymphocytes

51
Q

Medulla

A

Inner, less dense area of lymph node.

Contains medullary cords and sinuses

52
Q

Medullary Cords

A

Contains B lymphocytes

53
Q

Medullary Sinuses

A

Lymph capillaries spanned by reticular fibers; lubed with macrophages

54
Q

Afferent lymphatic vessels

A

Lymph comes in on convex side

55
Q

Efferent lymphatic vessels

A

Lymph leaves at hilus (indented region).

Less than afferent vessels

56
Q

Swollen Glands

A

Nodes overwhelmed by bacteria or viruses

57
Q

Secondary cancer site

A

Metastasize spread from primary site and grows there.

58
Q

Spleen Appearance

A

Blood, red organ the size of a fist

59
Q

Location of spleen

A

Left superior abdominal cavity.

Just below the diaphragm and left of the stomach

60
Q

Hilus

A

Concave area where splenic artery enters and splenic vein leaves

61
Q

Spleen contains

A

Fibrous connective tissue capsule and Trabeculae projections that partition organ

62
Q

White pulp areas

A

Circular areas of lymphocytes.

Function of immunologic

63
Q

Red pulp areas

A

Rest of spleen surrounding white pulp areas contain venous sinuses of blood, reticular connective tissue and macrophages.

64
Q

Function of red pulp areas

A

Macrophages break down and dispose of worn out erythrocytes rearming iron and globin. Also stores platelets

65
Q

Splenectomy

A

Removal when spleen ruptures, due to spongy nature or would bleed to death.

Human Anat & Phys. 2 (5 decks)

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