Chapter 20 - Lewis Flashcards
airway obstruction
commonly caused by blockage of the airway by the patient’s tongue. The base of the tongue falls backward against the soft palate and occludes the pharynx.
atelectasis (alveolar collapse)
may be the result of bronchial obstruction caused by retained secretions or decreased respiratory excursion. It may also result from general anesthesia administered during surgery in combination with high levels of supplemental oxygen.
delayed emergence
may be a problem postoperatively. Most common cause is prolonged drug action, particularly of opioids, sedatives, and inhalation anesthetics, as opposed to neurologic injury.
emergence delirium
also known as waking up wild, can include behaviors such as restlessness, agitation, disorientation, thrashing, and shouting. May be caused by anesthetic agents, hypoxia, bladder distension, pain, residual neuromuscular blockade, or the presence of an endotracheal tube. If delirium occurs, first suspect hypoxia.
fast-tracking
an accelerated system of care, which involves admitting ambulatory surgery patients who have received general, regional, or local anesthesia directly to Phase II care. It decreases overall recovery time, length of hospital stay, hospital costs, and medical morbidity.
hiccups (singultus)
intermittent spasms of the diaphragm caused by irritation of the phrenic nerve, which innervates the diaphragm.
patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)
self administered by patient – goal is to provide immediate analgesia and to maintain a constant, steady blood level of analgesic agent.
rapid postanesthesia care unit progression (RPP)
an accelerated progress of a patient from Phase I to discharge to either Phase II care of an inpatient unit.
wound dehiscence
separation and disruption of previously joined wound edges, may be preceded by a sudden discharge of brown, pink, or clear drainage.
