Chapter 19 - Lewis Flashcards
anesthesia care provider
one who administers anesthesia and can be an anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist.
anesthesiology
a discipline within the practice of medicine specializing in the following:
a. Medical management of patients who are rendered unconscious and/or insensible to pain and emotional stress during surgical and other medical procedures.
b. Protection of life functions and vital organs under stress of anesthetic, surgical, or other medical procedures.
c. Management of pain
d. Management of cardiopulmonary resuscitation
e. Management of critically ill patients in special care units.
epidural block
involves injection of a local anesthetic into the epidural (extradural) space via a thoracic or lumbar approach.
general anesthesia
a technique of choice for patients who are having surgical procedures that are of significant duration, require skeletal muscle relaxation, require uncomfortable operative positions because of the location of the incision site, or require control of respiration.
local anesthesia
interrupts the generation of nerve impulses by altering the flow of sodium into nerve cells through cell membranes.
malignant hyperthermia
a rare disorder characterized by hyperthermia with rigidity of skeletal muscles that can result in death. It occurs in affected people exposed to certain anesthetic agents.
nurse anesthetist
a registered nurse who has graduated from an accredited nurse anesthesia program (minimally a master’s degree program) and successfully completed a national certification exam to become certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA). Scope of practice includes:
a. Performing and documenting a preanesthetic assessment and evaluation
b. Developing and implementing a plan for delivering anesthesia
c. Selecting and initiating the planned anesthetic technique
d. Selecting, obtaining, and administering the anesthesia, adjuvant drugs and fluids
e. Selecting, applying and inserting appropriate noninvasive and invasive monitoring devices
f. Managing a patient’s airway and pulmonary status
g. Managing emergence and recovery from anesthesia
h. Releasing or discharging patients from a postanesthesia care area
i. Ordering, initiating or modifying pain relief therapy
j. Responding to emergency situations by providing airway management, administering emergency fluids, and/or administering emergency drugs
k. Additional responsibilities within the expertise of the individual.
regional (or block) anesthesia
done by using a local anesthetic that is always injected and involves a central nerve (e.g. spinal) or group of nerves (e.g. plexus) that innervate a site remote to the point of injection.
spinal anesthesia
involves the injection of a local anesthetic into the cerebrospinal fluid found in the subarachnoid space, usually below the level of L2.
