Chapter 20: Endocrine System Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the anterior pituitary hormones?
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
- prolactin (PRL)
- follicule stimulating hormone (FSH) & luteinizing hormone (LH)
- growth hormone (GH)
- adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
What hormone stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone?
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
What hormone acts on mammary glands to stimulate milk production?
prolactin (PRL)
What hormones act on testes and ovaries to stimulate the development of sperm & gametes?
follicule stimulating hormone (FSH) & luteinizing hormone (LH)
What hormone stimulates release of IGFs from liver, which act on body tissues to stimulate growth?
growth hormone (GH)
What hormone acts on the adrenal cortex to cause release of corticosteroids?
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Does the posterior pituitary gland contain endocrine cells?
No
What hormones are associated with the posterior pituitary gland?
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) & oxytocin (OT)
What hormone causes kidneys to conserve water?
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
What hormone contracts muscles in the uterine wall?
oxytocin (OT)
What hormone do follicular cells make?
thyroid hormone (TH)
What hormone do parafollicular cells make?
calcitonin
What hormone is the one major controller of overall body metabolism?
thyroid hormone (TH)
What hormone helps regulate blood calcium levels?
calcitonin
What other hormone works with calcitonin?
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
The cortex (outer) of the adrenal gland makes ____
corticosteroids (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, gonadocorticoids)
The medulla (inner) of the adrenal gland makes ____
epinephrine; adrenaline
Cortex layers in order:
- zona glomerulosa (mineralocorticoid)
- zona fasciculata (glucocorticoid)
- zona reticularis (gonadocorticoid)
What do alpha cells make?
glucagon- stimulates breakdown of glycogen and release glucose from liver (raises blood sugar)
What do beta cells make?
insulin- stimulates uptake of glucose into cells (lowers blood sugar)
What do delta cells make?
somatostatin- slows insulin and glucagon release by alpha/beta cells
What do F cells make?
pancreatic polypeptide- inhibits somatostatin release by delta cells
The master control center of the endocrine system is the _____
hypothalamus
