chapter 20 (bones, joints, and soft tissue tumors)

Question 0

a developmental anomaly of bone is referred to generally as?

Answer 0

Dysostosis

Question 1

what tissues make-up the musculoskeletal system

Answer 1

osseous, muscular and connective tissue

Question 2

what is the most common defective ossification associated with dysostosis?

Answer 2

fetal cartilage

Question 3

the structural development during embryologic development is known as?

Answer 3

Homeobox gene

Question 4

what is Aplasia

Answer 4

absent or incomplete development (abnormal function)

Question 5

aplasia, supernumerary digits and abnormal fusion of bones are all examples of ?

Answer 5

dysostosis

Question 6

the interference with growth or homeostasis is referred to in general as?

Answer 6

dysplasia

Question 7

dysplaisa can effect what type of tissues

Answer 7

bone and cartilage

Question 8

what is the AKA for osteogenesis imperfectia

Answer 8

brittle bone disease

Question 9

what is the most common inherited connective tissue disorder

Answer 9

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 10

what is osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 10

mutations of Type -1 collagen

Question 11

what will osteogenesis imperfecta cause

Answer 11

abnormal structure –> premature breakdown

Question 12

fractures, extremity bowing, scoliosis, and ligamentous laxity are all symptoms of ?

Answer 12

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 13

what is the most common form or dwarfism

Answer 13

Achondroplasia

Question 14

shortening of proximal extremities, bowing of legs, frontal bossing, mid-face hypoplasia are all symptoms of ?

Answer 14

Achondroplasia

Question 15

achondroplasia has spontaneous point mutations in what percent of individuals?

Answer 15

80%

Question 16

what is excessive rounding of the frontal bone

Answer 16

frontal bossing

Question 17

what bones are most effected by Achondroplasia

Answer 17

Femur and humerus

Question 18

what type of osteogenesis imperfecta has a normal lifespan and is autosomal dominant

Answer 18

Type 1

Question 19

spinal involvement of Achondroplasia will have what type of curves

Answer 19

hyperlordosis and hyperkyphosis

Question 20

bullet vertebrae, scoliosis, and central canal stenosis are all symptoms of what congenital disorder

Answer 20

Achondroplasia

Question 21

extremely small thorax, shortened long bones, and perinatal respiratory failure are associated with what form of Achondroplasia

Answer 21

Thanatophoric dwarfism

Question 22

what can thanatrophoric dwarfism be mistake as

Answer 22

osteogenesis imperfecta type II

Question 23

what is a group of rare genetic disorders that have decreased osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

Answer 23

osteopetrosis

Question 24

what congenital disorder has skeletal sclerosis aka "stone-like" bone causing and increase risk of fractures

Answer 24

osteopetrosis

Question 25

radiologically those with achondroplasia may present with what finding

Answer 25

Trident hand

Question 26

bright white bone, no medullary cavity and erlenmeyer flask deformity is characteristic of what disease

Answer 26

osteopetrosis

Question 27

what is the general term for loss of bone density

Answer 27

osteopenia