Chapter 20 - Antimicrobial Drugs Flashcards
Streptomycin
Broad spectrum, inhibits protein synthesis by changing the confirmation of the 30s subunit
Chloramphenicol
Broad spectrum, prohibits peptide bond from forming
Erythromycin
Prohibits ribosome movement by binding the 50s subunit
Tetracyclin
Prohibits protein synthesis by prohibiting tRNA from binding
What are 3 broad spectrum antibiotics that act by inhibiting protein synthesis?
chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, and tetracylines
What are 2 gram-positive antibiotics that act by inhibiting protein synthesis?
Macrolides and erythromycin
What are the two ways antibiotics target the cell membrane?
Antibiotics target the cell membrane by affecting the permeability and affecting ATP production.
What is one antibiotic that targets the plasma membrane and how does it work?
Polymyxin disrupts the phospholipid layer by incorporating itself into the layer
How does amphotercin B work?
Amphotercin B is an anti-fungal, sterol-seeking antibiotic that creates pores in the plasma membrane
What are two antibiotics that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis?
Rifamycin and Quinolones inhibit Nucleic acid synthesis
Which drug inhibits RNA synthesis?
Rifamycin inhibits RNA synthesis
Which drug inhibits DNA gyrase?
Quinolones inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting DNA gyrase
What is an antibacterial competitive inhibitor and how does it work?
Sulfa drugs are competitive analogs that inhibit folic acid synthesis.
What are echinocandins?
echinocandins disrupt the cell wall by inhibiting beta gluten synthesis. An example is secondary HIV infections.
What are two anti fungal drugs and how do they work?
Flucytocine is a cytosine analog that inhibits RNA synthesis & pentamidine isothionate binds DNA
