Chapter 20 Flashcards
Causes of chronic stress: Structural Violence
It refers to a form of violence wherein some social structure or social institution may harm people by preventing them from meeting their basic needs ( takes 3 generations for someone to change their social class)
Allostasis
Living under stress; body under constant stress
Confidentiality, Anonymity, Privacy
published data but de-identified -Know their name?
→Confidential
Counting the people that cross the street → anonymity
researcher not asking more they need and will not acknowledge a participant involvement in the outside world -Not asking any unnecessary questions
→ Privacy
Tuskegee Study
For forty years between 1932 and 1972, the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) conducted an experiment on 399 black men in the late stages of syphilis. These men, for the most part illiterate sharecroppers from one of the poorest counties in Alabama, were never told what disease they were suffering from or of its seriousness. Informed that they were being treated for “bad blood,” their doctors had no intention of curing them of syphilis at all.
Four ethical principles
- Nonmaleficence
- Beneficence
- Autonomy
- Justice
Nonmaleficence
doing no harm
Beneficence
doing things that are only beneficial
Autonomy
make your own health decisions
Justice
making things available to everyone as much as possible
Informed Consent
Must justify any deception in a study
People can quit at any time during the study; incentive offered at beginning of the study must be given to participant even if they quit the study.
Conflict of interest
Drug companies cannot offer monetary gifts to participants; however they can give out other incentives.
HIPAA
people can’t release your records unless you give them permission to.
