Chapter 20

Question 1

the disintegration of a radioactive nucleus often leads to

Answer 1

radioactive decay series

Question 2

sequence of nuclear reactions that ultimately result in formation of stable isotope

Answer 2

radioactive decay series

Question 3

beginning radioactive isotope

Answer 3

parent

Question 4

product isotope

Answer 4

daughter

Question 5

zone where stable nuclei lie

Answer 5

Band (belt) of stability

Question 6

nuclear reaction that results for the bombardment of nuclei by neutrons, protons, or other nuclei
- happens in the atmosphere neutrons from sun

Answer 6

nuclear transmutation

Question 7

atom that contains unstable nucleus
- called radionuclides
- undergo nuclear reactions (decrease E, more stable)
– emits high energy particles/electromagnetic radiation

Answer 7

Radioactive isotope

Question 8

nuclear reaction involving spontaneous emission of particles and/or electromagnetic radiation by unstable nuclei

Answer 8

Radioactive decay

Question 9

Atoms are rearranged by the breaking and forming of chemical bonds (1)

Answer 9

Chemical reactions

Question 10

Only electrons in atomic or molecular orbitals are involved in the reaction (2)

Answer 10

Chemical reactions

Question 11

Reactions are accompanied by the absorption or release of relatively small amounts of energy (3)

Answer 11

Chemical reactions

Question 12

Rates of reaction are influenced by the temperature, pressure, concentration, and catalysts (4)

Answer 12

Chemical reactions

Question 13

Elements are converted to other elements or isotopes (1)

Answer 13

Nuclear reactions

Question 14

Protons, neutrons, electrons and other subatomic particles such as alpha particles may be involved (2)

Answer 14

Nuclear reactions

Question 15

Reactions are accompanied by the absorption or release of tremendous amounts of energy (3)

Answer 15

Nuclear reactions

Question 16

Rates of reaction normally are not affected by temperature, pressure, or catalysts (4)

Answer 16

Nuclear reactions