Chapter 2 vocabulary

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

mass

Answer 2

the amount of matter the object contains

Question 3

Substance

Answer 3

matter that has a uniform and definite composition (pure substance)

Question 4

physical property

Answer 4

a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition (color, solubility, odor, hardness, density, melting /boiling point

Question 5

Solid

Answer 5

matter that has a definite shape and volume (incompressible)

Question 6

Liquid

Answer 6

a form of matter that flows, has a fixed volume and takes the shape of its container (almost incompressible, tends to expand when heated

Question 7

gas

Answer 7

a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container (easily compressed) (at room temperature)

Question 8

vapor

Answer 8

the gaseous state of a substance that is generally liquid or solid at room temperature (steam from water/ water vapor)

Question 9

physical change

Answer 9

a change which alters a given material without changing its composition (Cutting, grinding, bending, melting ,freezing)

Question 10

mixture

Answer 10

a physical blend of two or more substances (composition may vary)

Question 11

heterogeneous mixture

Answer 11

a mixture that is not uniform in composition (salad)

Question 12

homogeneous mixture

Answer 12

a mixture that has a completely uniform composition (components are evenly distributed) (salt water)

Question 13

solutions

Answer 13

homogeneous mixtures (gas liquid solid) (ex. water vapor)

Question 14

phase

Answer 14

any part of a system with uniform composition and properties (tilt and vinegar is a 2 phase heterogenous mixture) (homo is always 1 phase)

Question 15

distillation

Answer 15

when a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed again to liquid

Question 16

elements

Answer 16

the simplest forms of matter that can exist under normal laboratory conditions. Cant be separated into simpler substances (oxygen)

Question 17

Compounds

Answer 17

substances that can be separated into simpler substances only by chemical means (separated by heating) (sugar tablesalt)

Question 18

chemical symbol

Answer 18

what each element is represented by one or two letters

Question 19

chemical reaction

Answer 19

one or more substances change into new substances (iron+oxygen=rust)

Question 20

reactants

Answer 20

starting substances

Question 21

Products

Answer 21

substances formed

Question 22

Chemical property

Answer 22

The ability to undergo a chemical reaction and to form new substances (burn , rot, rust, decompose)

Question 23

The law of conservation of mass

Answer 23

in any physical change or chemical reaction, mass of th produces equals the mass of the reactants