Chapter #2 The Human Factor

Question 1

The Different Bands

Answer 1

Social Band: Months, Weeks, Days
Rational Band: Hours, 10 minutes, Minutes (For Tasks)
Cognitive Band: seconds (Unit Task, Operations, Deliberate act)
Biological Band: ms (Neural circuit, neuron, organelle) (so brain functions)

Question 2

Fovea Image

Answer 2

sharp central vision

Question 3

Sound is caused by

Answer 3

fluctuations of pressure in a medium, such as air

Question 4

Timbre

Answer 4

Richness and brightness to a sound

Question 5

Envelope

Answer 5

Attack of the sound, the build up to the let down in a sound

Rise, Sustain, Decay, Off

Question 6

The senses and their definitions

Answer 6

Touch, receptors in muscles, skin, joints and bones
Smell: perceiving odours
Taste: chemical reception of sweet, salty, bitter and sour sensations
Flavour: perceptual process that combines smell and taste

Question 7

Perception,
and its affect in the 5 senses

Answer 7

1st stage of processing sensory input (Our interpretation)

Auditory stimulus  harmonious, discordant
– Visual stimulus  familiar, strange
– Tactile stimulus  warm, hot; rough, smooth
– Smell stimulus  pleasurable, abhorrent
– Taste stimulus  sweet, sour

Question 8

Psychophysics

Answer 8

Relationship between human perception and physical phenomena

Experiment: Giving a person two stimuli and testing them to see if they can spot a difference or not. Ex: Red squares are a different colour?

Question 9

Cognition

Answer 9

human process of conscious intellectual activity. Ex thinking, reasoning, decision making.

Hard to study since it only exists in the human brain
Hard to measure do to all the different response factors and interpretation factors of sensors

Question 10

Long term memory, has two areas

Answer 10

Declarative/explicit area: Information on events in time and objects in the external world

Implicit/Procedural area: Information on how to use objects and do things

Question 11

Short term memory

Answer 11

Chunking: Chunking similar information together to make it easier to remember. Ex digits for a phone number, 905 773 ….

5-7-9ish chunks of working memory

Question 12

Responders

Answer 12

We control our environment with these, example feet to walk and run, fingers to point, vocal cords to speak

Question 13

Handedness

Answer 13

right vs left handed and which one you are more in line with.

Question 14

Language

Answer 14

Mental faculty that allows humans to communicate

Question 15

Corpus

Answer 15

A word frequency list, containing all words and their frequency of use in the language

Question 16

Part of Speech Tagging:

Answer 16

Used in word prediction to narrows search space

Question 17

Recoding

Answer 17

replacing words/characters with shorted tags. Ex th@s , gr8, gf, w -> with

Question 18

Entropy

Answer 18

is the uncertainty about forthcoming letters, words, phrases, ideas. Ex the weird wordle game

Question 19

Human Performance

Answer 19

when the sensors, brain and responders work together to achieve a goal.

Question 20

Reaction Time

Answer 20

The delay between the occurrence of a signal fixed stimulus and the invitations of a response to it.

Question 21

Attention, 2 types

Answer 21

Divided: attention to more than one task
Selected: attending to one task over others

Question 22

Variability and error in a selection

Answer 22

Correct, Corrected, Incorrect, Outlier