Chapter 2: The Growing Cycle

Question 1

Aroma precursors

Answer 1

Compounds with no aroma that will become aroma compounds during the fermentation process

Question 2

Bud fruitfulness

Answer 2

The number of inflorescences that will develop on a bud; sunlight, water, temp>25°c and nutrients will encourge more inflorescences the following year

Question 3

Canes

Answer 3

Green shoots that have lignified

Question 4

Coulure

Answer 4

Grape bunch condition: fruitset has failed for a high proportion of flowers

Question 5

Early budding

Answer 5

Grape varietals that need relatively low temps at budburst (below 10°c)

Question 6

Flowering

Answer 6

Opening of the individual flowers within an inflorescence

Question 7

Fruitset

Answer 7

The transition from flower to grape

Question 8

Lag phase

Answer 8

Period when grape slows down for a few days before véraison

Question 9

Late budding

Answer 9

Grape varietals that need relatively high temps at budburst (above 10°c)

Question 10

Lignify

Answer 10

Green shoots become woody and rigid

Question 11

Millerandange

Answer 11

Grape bunch condition: high proportion of seedless grapes

Question 12

Nutrients

Answer 12

Nitrogen, potasium and phosporous (N,P,K)

Question 13

Optimal ripeness

Answer 13

Combination of sugar, acid, tannin, and aroma ripeness most favourable

Question 14

Ovule

Answer 14

Female reproductive cells

Question 15

Pollination

Answer 15

Stamen sheds pollen grains which land on the moistened stigma surface

Question 16

Polymerise

Answer 16

Process in which relatively small molecules combine chemically to produce a very large chainlike or network molecule; tannins polymerise and become less bitter

Question 17

Ripeness

Answer 17

Also called physiological or phenolic ripeness, but can have different meanings for different people

Question 18

Synthesis

Answer 18

Construction of complex chemical compound from simpler ones (in this case, anthocyanins)

Question 19

Vigour

Answer 19

Vegetative vine growth ofshoots, leaves, lateral leaves and has implications on yield and ripening

Question 20

Xylem

Answer 20

A type of tissue that transfers water and some nutrients from the roots to the other parts of the vine