Chapter 1: The Vine

Question 1

Canopy

Answer 1

The main shoots and all of their major structures: stems, buds, leaves, lateral shoots, tendrils, inflorescences, grape bunches

Question 2

Clonal Selection

Answer 2

Nurseries identify vines with positive mutations, takes cuttings to grow new vines (1 vine can provide a large number of mutations)

Question 4

Cross

Answer 4

Two parent vines from the same species

Question 5

Cross Fertilization

Answer 5

Pollen from stamens of flower of one vine transferred to flowers of another vine

Question 6

Desuckering

Answer 6

Process of removing lateral shoots (especially off the trunk)

Question 7

Hybrid

Answer 7

Two parent vines from different species

Question 8

Inflorescence

Answer 8

A cluster of flowers on a stem which becomes a bunch of grapes at fruitset

Question 9

Internodes

Answer 9

The parts of the main axis between the nodes

Question 10

Lateral shoots

Answer 10

The parts of the main axis between the nodes

Question 11

Lateral shoots

Answer 11

Grow from prompt buds formed in same year

Question 12

Lignify

Answer 12

Green shoots become woody, rigid and brown at which point they are called canes

Question 13

Mass Selection

Answer 13

Owners take cuttings from vines in their own vineyard and cultive these cuttings (can also send them to a nursery to get them grafted onto American rootstock); cuttings taken from several different vines; these vines are monitored for several years to ensure they are the best

Question 14

Nodes

Answer 14

Little swellings along the main shoot

Question 15

Petiole

Answer 15

Leaf stalk

Question 16

Prompt buds

Answer 16

Form and break open the same growing season; form on primary shoot,; form lateral shoots

Question 17

Prompt shoots

Answer 17

Form and break open in the same growing season; form on primary shoot (that has just grown from a compound but) and produces lateral shoots

Question 18

Solutes

Answer 18

Substances that dissolve in a liquid to form a solution; the shoot’s main access transport sugars and minerals in water

Question 19

Stomata

Answer 19

Pores on the underside of leaves letting CO2 in and water out; close if water stress

Question 20

Teinturier

Answer 20

A grape with a red coloured pulp; not common; Alicante Bouschet is an example

Question 21

Transpiration

Answer 21

Process whereby water and nutrients are drawn from the soil up through the vine to the leaves