Chapter 2: The criminal man Flashcards
Book written by Bennett in 1987. Tried to predict what crime would be like in the future.
Crimewarps.
We must have this to understand theory and why crime happens at a particular time.
Social context
Early theories of crime
Focused on the criminal man (the individual), how they acted and what they looked like.
Absolute good versus absolute evil. Can’t sufficiently be proven. “the devil made me do it.”
Spiritualism.
Believed that punishment should be a deterrent. Behavior is the result of free will and hedonistic calculus.
Jeremy Bentham.
Looked at prison (reforms)
John Howard.
Father of criminology. He pushed testing theories.
Lombroso
Survival of the fittest, Social darwinism, believed crime wasn’t a part of society naturally.
Classical school.
Garofalo.
No significant physical differences between the criminal and non criminals. Physical traits not causal.
Goring.
Theories of delinquency. Delinquency is inherited. (Eugenics)
Sheldon
Understanding crime through science.
Positivist era goal.
Tested the IQ of inmates to see if it affects a person if they commit crime. Inheritance of criminal behavior.
Goddard.
Classical school. A lot of his points are in the American Constitution. To deter crime,
punishment must be swift, certain, and fit the crime. Punishment should fit the crime.
Beccaria.
A naturalistic explanation that says the brain is an organ of the mind. It is the bridge between spiritualism and positivism.
Hippocrates dictum.
What were Lombroso’s 4 major categories of criminals?
(1) Born criminals
(2) Insane criminals
(3) Occasional criminals
(4) Criminals of passion
