Chapter 2 - The Cell Flashcards
Concepts of Cell Theory
Cells are 1. Structural building blocks of all plants & animals
- Produces by division of preexisting cells
- Smallest structural unit that performs all vital functions
Two types of cells in the body
Sex cells
Somatic cells
Transmission Electron Microscopy
Electrons penetrate an ultra thin section of tissue to strike a photographic plate, creating a TEMicrograph
Plasmalemma
Cell membrane
Comp: lipid bilayer, phospholipids, steroids, proteins, & carbs
Func: isolation, protection, support, control exit/entrance of materials
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Provides 3D perspective on cell structure
Cytosol
Comp: Fluid component of cytoplasm
Func: distributes materials by diffusion; stores glycogen, pigments & other materials
Nonmembranous Organelles
Cytoskeleton -Microtubule, microfilament
Microvilli
Centrosome - centrioles
Cilia
Ribosomes
Membranous Organelles
Mitochondria
Nucleus - nuclear envelope, nucleolus, nuclear pore
Endoplasmic Reticulum - rough ER, smooth ER
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Peroxisome
Cytoskeleton
Comp: proteins
Func: strength/support, movement of cellular structures
Microvilli
Func - increase surface area to facilitate absorption of extra cellular materials
Cilia
Func - movement of materials over cell surface
Ribosomes
Func - protein synthesis
Mitochondria
Produce 95% of ATP required by cell
Nucleus
Contain DNA & RNA
Control metabolism; storage & processing of genetic info; control protein synthesis
Site of rRNA synthesis & assembly of ribosomal subunits
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Network of membranous channels
Rough -ribosomes
Smooth - no ribosomes
Func -
