Chapter 2 Test key terms Flashcards
Albany Plan of Union
A plan that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military and other purposes-failed
Bicameral
A legislative body having two bodies or chambers
Charter
A written grant of authority from the king that gives colonists or companies a grant of land and some governing right but the crown kept a certain amount of power (direct control of the ppl) (least restricted)
Constitution
Nations fundamental law or supreme law of the land
Limited government
The concept that the government is restricted in what it may do and every individual has certain rights that the government can not take away
Petition of rights
The idea that even the monarch (king) must obey the law
Proprietary
A person the king gives a grant of land to and that person has complete control of the land
Representative Government
The government should serve the will of the ppl and the ppl should have a voice in deciding what the government should and should not do
Three- fifths comprise
All “free persons” should be counted and three fifths of all others
Delaware
The first state to ratify
North Carolina
The second to last state to ratify in 1789
Anti-federalist
People who were opposed to the new constitution
Commerce and slave compromise
Congress was forbidden from taxing exports and congress could not regulate the slave trade for 20 years
Magna Carta
The Magna Carta was signed by King John and it established the principle that the monarchy/Government was not absolute and this is the Cornerstone of the US constitution
Bill of Rights
The idea that the ppl had certain rights (free speech, religion etc…)
Royal Government
The type of government where the crown had direct control of everything (most restrictive)
Second continental congress
This was the first time all the colonies United
Unicameral
A one house body with one chamber
Confederation
A joining of several groups for a common purpose
Popular sovereignty
People are the source of the governments power “we the ppl”
Articles of Confederation
The first constitution that was designed to have a weak central government and strong state governments
Ratification
Formal approval of a constitution
Framers
55 delegates who drafted the United States Constitution
Virginia Plan
Plan represented by delegates from Virginia at the Constitutional Convention that called for…
1) 3 branch government
2) bicameral legislature
3) representation was based on population or the amount of money given to the government
4) Executive should be 1 person- president
5) Judicial should be 1 Supreme Court
6) greatly increase the power of the central gov.-unitary
New Jersey Plan
A plan presented as an alternative to the Virginia Plan…
1) A 3 branch government-same
2) A unicameral legislature
3) Representation should be equal-one vote per state
4) Executive should be 3 ppl
5) Judicial should be Supreme Court and State courts
6) Limited power should be granted to the central government-federal
Connecticut or Great compromise
A compromise to the Virginia and New Jersey plans..
1) 3 branches
2) bicameral legislature
3) representation would be based on population in the lower houses and equal representation in the upper houses
4) Executive would be one person(president)
5) judiciary would be supreme courts and state courts
6) gave co equal powers to the local and central governments-federal
Three-Fifths compromise
An agreement at the constitution convention to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a state
Commerce and slave compromise
Congress was forbidden the power to tax the exports goods from any state and they couldn’t touch the slave trade for 20 years
Federalists
Those who supported the ratification of the constitution
Anti-Federalists
The ppl who opposed the ratification of the constitution
Quorum
Majority- the least number of ppl who must be present for a legislative body to conduct business
Second continental congress
The first time all the colonies united And it is the first national government during the war for independence
Philadelphia convention
A convention held to revise the articles of confederation
Shays Rebellion
A revolt against land/home foreclosures (taxes)
New York
The first capital city and Congress met here for the first time. New York was also one of the major states that didnt ratify at first
Virginia
Virginia was one of the major states that didn’t ratify at first
Name given to the group who favored the new constitution
Federalists
Name given to the group who opposed the new constitution
Anti federalists
