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World History > Chapter 2 Test - Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt - Oct 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Test - Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt - Oct 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

What present day countries was Mesopotamia in?

A

Iraq, Iran, and Syria

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2
Q

What does Mesopotamia mean?

A

Between the rivers

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3
Q

Where is the fertile crescent?

A

Between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

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4
Q

What kept soil fertile in Mesopotamia?

A

The constant flooding from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

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5
Q

What were some ways the Mesopotamians controlled water?

A

Dams, channels, irrigation systems

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6
Q

What was Sumer?

A

The first major civilization

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7
Q

How do we know the Mesopotamians had a calendar?

A

They had crop rotation

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8
Q

What major invention was discovered by the Mesopotamians?

A

The wheel

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9
Q

What were Mesopotamian houses made of?

A

Mud bricks

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10
Q

Polytheistic Definition

A

Belief in many gods/deities

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11
Q

Theocracy Definition

A

Religious leaders also lead the government

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12
Q

Ziggurat Defintion

A

Large pyramid-like temple at city’s center

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13
Q

What is cuniform?

A

One of the earliest known writing systems.

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14
Q

What was the order of the 4 invaders of Mesopotamia?

A

Akkadians
Assyrians
Babylonians
Persians

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15
Q

Who is Hammurabi?

A

Ancient Babylonian King who came up with the first written laws

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16
Q

What are the laws Hammurabi created called?

A

Hammurabi’s Code

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17
Q

Who led the Persian empire to take over Mesopotamia?

A

Cyrus the Great

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18
Q

What leads to the building of empires?

A

Leaders taking over villiages

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19
Q

Who was the first empire builder and took over Mesopotamia first?

A

Sargon of Akkad

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20
Q

What did the Sargon dynasty do to continue Sumer?

A

They adopted all of the Sumerian practices and beliefs

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21
Q

Where did the Sargon dynasty expand to?

A

They expanded to the persian gulf

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22
Q

What is another name for Babylonians?

A

Amorites

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23
Q

When do the Babylonians take power?

A

2000 BCE

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24
Q

Under the Babylonians, what was the capital changed to?

A

From Ur to Babylon

25
Q

Who led the Babylonians?

A

Hammurabi

26
Q

Why do the Babylonians fall from power?

A

Hammurabi dies

27
Q

Who is after the Babylonians?

A

Hittites

28
Q

What was technology that the Hittites have?

A

They had chariots and iron tools and weapons

29
Q

What were the Hittites the first to do?

A

Smelt iron - started the iron age

30
Q

Who were after the Hittites?

A

The Assyrians

31
Q

What were the Assyrians built on?

A

Attacking neighboring groups and being a military empire

32
Q

Who was the great leader of the Assyrian Empire?

A

Sennacherib

33
Q

What was the new capital that the Assyrians instated?

A

Nineveh

34
Q

Where did the Assyrians expand to?

A

Into the fertile crescent and Egypt

35
Q

What did the Assyrians do to prevent anyone from attacking them from the previous empire?

A

They killed the remaining people and women were raped, sold int slavery, and murdered

36
Q

Who ended the Assyrian Empire?

A

The Persians

37
Q

Where was Persia?

A

More of western Asia and parts of Africa

38
Q

What were the three kingdoms of ancient Egypt?

A

The old, middle, and new kingdoms

39
Q

What is another name for the old kingdom?

A

The pyramid age

40
Q

What was the pyramids purpose?

A

to be tombs for pharaoh that should last forever

41
Q

Where are the most pyramids?

A

Giza

42
Q

Who built the pyramids?

A

slaves

43
Q

What were hieroglyphics based on?

A

Cuniform

44
Q

What two types of elements are in hieroglyphics?

A

Pictographic and alphabetical elements

45
Q

Who was set by the Pharoah to run each individual city?

A

The vizier chief minister

46
Q

Why did the Old Kingdom die out?

A

The Pharoah had spent so much money on pyramids that they had none left for the people, so there were famines and the people revolted

47
Q

What does the middle kingdom take over?

A

Nubia

48
Q

What action does the middle kingdom take to better lives of it’s people?

A

It implements infastructure

49
Q

What is the cult of Osiris?

A

Osiris believed that people would enter the afterlife if they were better in the lives

50
Q

Why did the middle kingdom fall?

A

It was invaded by Hyksos from western africa

51
Q

How many years were there no rulers from the middle to new kingdoms?

A

350 years

52
Q

Where does the New kingdom expand to?

A

Mesopotamia to reach the Euphrates

53
Q

Who was King Tut’s mother?

A

Nefertiti

54
Q

What did the people believe about the Pharaohh?

A

That they came from god

55
Q

What were the 4 famous Pharoahs?

A

Hatshepsut, Akhenaton, King Tut, and Ramses the second

56
Q

What is Akhenaton known for?

A

Hes Tut’s father and was the first monotheist

57
Q

What Pharoah defeated the Hittites?

A

Ramses the second

58
Q

Why did the New kingdom fall?

A

After Ramses the second it was invaded by Greeks and persians

World History (3 decks)

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