Chapter 2 Test Flashcards
What happens during photosynthesis?
The cells use the energy in sunlight to make food.
The product of photosynthesis do most living things need to survive?
Oxygen
How does photosynthesis benefit heterotrophs?
It creates food that they can eat.
What happens during photosynthesis?
Glucose is broken down, releasing energy.
The stage of respiration that releases most of the energy in glucose occurs in the
Mitochondria
How are photosynthesis and respiration related?
They have opposite equations
Respiration and photosynthesis keep levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere ——-.
Fairly constant
Which term refers to the production of energy by a cell without using oxygen?
Fermentation
What causes lactic-acid fermentation?
Too little oxygen in the muscles
What captures energy from the sunlight during photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll and other pigments
Carbon dioxide enters plants through the
Stomata
Respiration in most cells require
Oxygen
Which of these causes a form of alcoholic fermentation?
Yeast
Which of the following types of organisms can perform photosynthesis?
Autotrophs
What happens during cytokinesis in animal cells?
Two new daughter cells are formed.
Dan is shaped like a
Double helix
During DNA replication, adenine always pairs with
Thymine
Each rung of the DNA ladder is made of
Pair of nitrogen bases
During what stage of the cell cycle does replication occur?
Interphase
What is copied during replication?
The cell’s DNA
The stage of the cell cycle that follows mitosis is called?
Cytokinesis
During what phase does the nuclear membrane disintegrate?
Prophase
During which phase do the thickened chromosomes unravel back into chromatin?
Telophase
Disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.
Cancer
Change in the DNA of a chromosome
Mutation
A mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably
Tumor
How do you prevent cancer?
No smoking
Eat healthy
Protect skin from uv light
What are the types of treatment?
Surgery remove tumor before it spreads
Radiation: use beams of high energy waves to kill cells
Chemotherapy- use drug/chemicals to kill cells
Rumors can take how long to grow?
Cells become more abnormal as they divide
Some cells can break off from the tumor and enter the blood stream traveling to other parts of the body
Years
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Oxygen and sugar
