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Life Science Test > 4-2 > Flashcards

4-2 Flashcards

1
Q

What chromosome is Down’s syndrome ?

A

Chromosome 21

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2
Q

What chromosome is for sickle cell?

A

Chromosome 11

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3
Q

Which chromosome is hemophilia? (Sex linked)

A

Chromosome 23

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4
Q

What is an extra copy of chromosome 21?

A

Down syndrome

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5
Q

What is it when the body produces abnormally thick mucus in the lungs and intestines?

A

Cystic fibrosis

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6
Q

What disease is it where a persons blood clots slowly or not at all?

A

Hemophilia

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7
Q

What disease affects the hemoglobin, the protein in a red blood cell?

A

Sickle cell anemia

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8
Q

This disorder is caused by a recessive allele on X chromosome

A

Hemophilia

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9
Q

This disorder is caused when an Extra copy of chromosome 21

A

Down’s syndrome

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10
Q

This disorder is caused when recessive alleles have a removal of 3 DNA bases

A

Cystic fibrosis

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11
Q

This disorder is caused by a codominant allele

A

Sickle cell anemia

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12
Q

Wheat is also know. As 3 chromosome?

A

Trisomy 21

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13
Q

What defects are common in Down’s syndrome

A

Heart defects

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14
Q

Down’s syndrome most often occurs when chromosome fail to separate during

A

Meiosis

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15
Q

What is a family tree that tracks members of a family that have a particular trait?

A

Pedigree

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16
Q

Genetic counsellors use what tools to help them in their work?

A

Karyotypes, pedigree charts, Punnett squares

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17
Q

Doctors use tools such as —- to help diagnosis genetic disorders

A

Karyotype

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18
Q

What is a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell?

A

Karyotype

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19
Q

What type of person makes both types of normal hemoglobin and abnormal hemoglobin will not have symptoms of sickle cell?

A

Heterozygous person

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20
Q

Where does hemophilia happen more in

A

Males

21
Q

In the pedigree chart if it is all colored in it means the person

A

Has the trait

22
Q

In the pedigree chart if the shape is only half colored it in it means the person is a

A

Carrier

23
Q

In the pedigree chart shape is not colored in at all it means the person

A

Is neither a carrier or has the trait

24
Q

What does genetic counseling do?

A

Genetic counselor help couples understand their chances of having a child with a particular disorder

25
Q

What are the two major cause of a genetic disorder?

A
  1. Mutations in DNA

2. Changes in the number of chromosome

26
Q

What chromosome is for cystic fibrosis?

A

Chromosome 7

27
Q

What is the process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be the parents of the next generation.

A

Selective breeding

28
Q

What is the crossing of two individuals that have similar characteristics

A

Inbreeding

29
Q

What is the cross of two genetically different individuals

A

Hybridization

30
Q

Organism that has exactly the same genes as the organism from which it is produced

A

Clone

31
Q

Genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another

A

Genetic engineering

32
Q

Inserting a copy of a gene directly into a person’s cells to replace the copy of the gene causing a disease

A

Gene therapy

33
Q

All the DNA in a cell

A

Genome

34
Q

Which of these traits is controlled by a gene with multiple alleles?

A

Blood type

35
Q

What is three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait

A

Multiple alleles

36
Q

Why does height in humans have such a wide variety of phenotypes?

A

Height is controlled by at least 4 genes

37
Q

What factors can affect a person’s height?

A

Both genes and environmental factors

38
Q

Which combination of sex chromosomes results in a male human being

A

XY

39
Q

Why are sex-linked traits more common in males than in females?

A

A recessive allele on the Y chromosome will always produce the trait in a male.

40
Q

One parent of a child has homozygous type A blood and the other has homozygous type B blood. What is the child’s blood type

A

AB

41
Q

Sex linked genes are genes on

A

The X and Y chromosomes

42
Q

A carrier is a person who has

A

One recessive and one dominant allele for a trait

43
Q

What must occur for a girl to be colorblind?

A

Each parent must have a recessive allele for color blindness

44
Q

Which protein on the surface of a red blood cell would be positive?

A

Rh factor

45
Q

Which type of blood can a person with O- receive?

A

O-

46
Q

Which blood type is considered the universal receiver?

A

Ab+

47
Q

Which type of blood is considered the universal donor?

A

O-

48
Q

What is the goal of the human genome project?

A

To identify the DNA sequence of every human genome

49
Q

What are the 3 ways of producing organisms with desired traits?

A

Selective breeding, cloning, and genetic engineering

Life Science Test (12 decks)

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