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Medical Terminology > Chapter 2 - Study Section > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Study Section Flashcards

0
Q

Catabolism

A

A process where nutrients are broken down and energy is released

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1
Q

Anabolism

A

Process of building up large proteins from smaller proteins

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2
Q

Cell membrane

A

The structure that surrounds and protects the cell

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3
Q

Chromosomes

A

Rod shaped structures in the nucleus that contains DNA also known as genes

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4
Q

Cytoplasm

A

All the material that is outside the nucleus and contained in the cell membrane

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5
Q

DNA

A

Chemical found within each chromosome-directs the activities of the cell

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6
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

A

Canals within the cytoplasm - large proteins made from smaller proteins

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7
Q

Genes

A

Regions of DNA within each chromosome

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8
Q

Karyotype

A

Pictures of chromosomes in the nucleus - arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure

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9
Q

Metabolism

A

Total of the chemical processes in the cell - includes catabolism and anabolism

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10
Q

Mitochondria

A

Structures in the cytoplasm that provide the main source of energy - catabolism occurs here

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11
Q

Nucleus

A

Control center (brain) of the cell

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12
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Collections of fat cells

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13
Q

Cartilage

A

Flexible connective tissue attached to the bones at joints

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14
Q

Epithelial cells

A

Skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line the internal parts of organs

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15
Q

Histologist

A

Specialist in the study of tissues

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16
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box; upper part of the trachea

Larynx=Loud

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17
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat - passageway for food

Pharynx for pudding

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18
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Endocrine gland at base of brain

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19
Q

Thyroid gland

A

Endocrine gland that surrounds trachea in neck

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20
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

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21
Q

Ureter

A

One of two tubes that lead from a kidney to the bladder

2 e’s for 2 ureters

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22
Q

Urethra

A

Tube from the bladder to the outside of the body

23
Q

Uterus

A

The womb - holds the fetus

24
Q

Viscera

A

Internal organs

25
Q

Cervical

A

Neck region C1-C7

26
Q

Thoracic

A

Chest region T1-T12

27
Q

Lumbar

A

Loin (waist) region L1-L5

28
Q

Sacral

A

Region of the sacrum S1-S5

29
Q

Coccygeal

A

Region of the coccyx (tailbone)

30
Q

Hypochondriac

A

Right and left upper regions beneathe the ribs

31
Q

Epigastric

A

Middle upper region above the stomach

32
Q

Lumbar

A

Right and left middle regions near the waist

33
Q

Umbilical

A

Central region near the navel

34
Q

Inguinal

A

Right and left lower regions near the groin AKA iliac

35
Q

Hypogastric

A

Middle lower region below the umbilical region

36
Q

Vertebra

A

Single backbone

37
Q

Vertebrae

38
Q

Spinal column

A

Bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

39
Q

Spinal cord

A

Nervous tissue with spinal cavity

40
Q

Disk, disc

A

Pad of cartilage between vertebrae

41
Q

Ventral, anterior

A

Pertaining to the front

42
Q

Dorsal, posterior

A

Pertaining to the back

43
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface

44
Q

Superficial

A

On the surface

45
Q

Proximal

A

Near the point of attachment to the trunk or the beginning of a structure

46
Q

Distal

A

Far from point of attachment to the trunk or far from beginning of a structure

47
Q

Inferior

A

Below another structure

48
Q

Superior

A

Above another structure

49
Q

Medial

A

Pertaining of the middle or near the middle plane of the body

50
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to the side

51
Q

Supine

A

Lying on the back

52
Q

Prone

A

Lying on the belly

53
Q

Frontal, coronal plane

A

Vertical plane dividing body into anterior and posteriors portions

54
Q

Inferior, caudal

A

Below another structure; pertaining to lower portion of the body

55
Q

Sagittal, lateral plane

A

Vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides

56
Q

Transverse, axial plane

A

Horizontal plane dividing body into upper and lower portions

Medical Terminology (23 decks)

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