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Medical Terminology > Chapter 13 - Blood System > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Blood System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Albumin

A

Protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

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2
Q

Antibody (Ab)

A

Specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens

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3
Q

Antigen

A

Substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of an antibody

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4
Q

Basophil

A

White blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin

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5
Q

Bilirubin

A

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by breakdown of hemoglobin

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6
Q

Coagulation

A

Blood clotting

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7
Q

Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

A

Protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells

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8
Q

Differentiation

A

Change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

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9
Q

Electrophoresis

A

Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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10
Q

Eosinophil

A

White blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

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11
Q

Erythroblast

A

Immature red blood cell

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12
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red blood cell

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13
Q

Erythropoeitin (EPO)

A

Hormone secreted by kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

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14
Q

Fibrin

A

Protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

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15
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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16
Q

Globulin

A

Plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma globulins are examples

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17
Q

Granulocyte

A

White blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules; eosinphil, neutrophil, basophil

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18
Q

Hematopoietic stem cell

A

Cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

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19
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

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20
Q

Hemolysis

A

Destruction or breakdown of blood

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21
Q

Heparin

A

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

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22
Q

Immune reaction

A

Response of the immune system to foreign invasion

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23
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Protein with antibody activity

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24
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cell

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25
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Mononuclear leukocyte that produces anitbodies

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26
Q

Macrophage

A

Monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces; engulfs foreign material and debris, destroys worn out red blood cells

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27
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

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28
Q

Monocyte

A

Leukocyte with one large nucleus, engulfs foreign material and debris, they become macrophages as they leave the blood and enter body tissues

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29
Q

Mononuclear

A

Pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus

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30
Q

Myeloblast

A

Immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

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31
Q

Neutrophil

A

Granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell

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32
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, lipids, hormones and vitamins

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33
Q

Plasmapheresis

A

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge. Collected cells are retransfused back into the donor.

34
Q

Platelet

A

Small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

35
Q

Polymorphonuclear

A

Pertaining to a white blood cell with a multi-lobed; neutrophil

36
Q

Prothrombin

A

Plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

37
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Immature erythrocyte. A network of strands is seen after staining the cell with special dyes.

38
Q

Rh factor

A

Anitgen on red blood cells of Rh-positive individuals.

39
Q

Serum

A

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot.

40
Q

Stem cell

A

Unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms

41
Q

Thrombin

A

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

42
Q

Thrombocyte

A

Platelet

43
Q

bas/o

A

base

44
Q

chrom/o

A

color

45
Q

coagul/o

A

clotting

46
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

47
Q

eosin/o

A

red, dawn, rosy

48
Q

erythr/o

A

red

49
Q

granul/o

A

granules

50
Q

hem/o

hemat/o

A

blood

51
Q

hemoglobin/o

A

hemoglobin

52
Q

is/o

A

same, equal

53
Q

kary/o

nucle/o

A

nucleus

54
Q

leuk/o

A

white

55
Q

mon/o

A

one, single

56
Q

morph/o

A

shape, form

57
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

58
Q

neutr/o

A

neutral

59
Q

phag/o

A

eat, swallow

60
Q

poikil/o

A

varied, irregular

61
Q

sider/o

A

iron

62
Q

spher/o

A

globe, round

63
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

64
Q

-apheresis

A

removal, a carrying away

65
Q

-blast

A

immature cell, embryonic

66
Q

-cytosis

A

abnormal condition of cells

67
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

68
Q

-gen

A

giving rise to; producing

69
Q
  • globin

- globulin

A

protein

70
Q

-lytic

A

pertaining to destruction

71
Q

-oid

A

derived or originating from

72
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

73
Q

-penia

A

deficiency

74
Q

-phage

A

eat, swallow

75
Q

-philia

A

attraction for (an increase in cell numbers)

76
Q

-phoresis

A

carrying, transmission

77
Q

-poiesis

A

formation

78
Q

-stasis

A

stop, control

79
Q

Ecchy/o

A

Large blue patches

80
Q
  • in

- one

A

Substance

Medical Terminology (23 decks)

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