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Social Studies > Chapter 2 Study Guide > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a descendant?

A

(n) A descendant is a person who is descended from a certain ancestor.

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2
Q

What is a band?

A

A band is a small group of people made up of related family and is usually thirty people.

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3
Q

What is a consequence?

A

A consequence is a result of an action.

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4
Q

What does extinct mean?

A

Extinct means died out, no longer exists.

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5
Q

What is technology?

A

Technology is the use of knowledge and skills to make the work of everyday life easier.

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6
Q

What is an artifact?

A

Artifacts are objects made by people.

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7
Q

What does specialize mean?

A

To specialize when each person did one kind of task, based on their skills and the bands needs.

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8
Q

What does domesticate mean?

A

To domesticate is to tame animals for human use.

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9
Q

What is livestock?

A

Livestock is domesticated animals that provide resources.

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10
Q

What is a nomad?

A

Nomads are people who had not settled home; they didn’t build any permanent settlements.

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11
Q

What is a pastoral society?

A

When nomadic herders travel from place to place with their animals, they make up a pastoral society.

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12
Q

What does cultivate mean?

A

To cultivate is to take care of plants in small gardens.

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13
Q

What is agriculture?

A

Agriculture is the raising of domesticated animals and plants for use by people.

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14
Q

What is slash-and-burn?

A

Slash-and-burn is a method of farming to prepare soil for planting.

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15
Q

What is a parallel time line?

A

A parallel time line is made up of two or more time lines.

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16
Q

What does B.C. stand for?

A

B.C. stand for ‘before Christ’

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17
Q

What does A.D. stand for?

A

A.D. stands for ‘anno Domini’, a Latin phrase meaning ‘in the year of the Lord’. A.D. actually tells how many years passed since the birth of Jesus Christ.

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18
Q

What does B.C.E. stand for?

A

B.C.E. stands for ‘before the Common Era’.

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19
Q

What does C.E. stand for?

A

C.E. stand for ‘Common Era’.

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20
Q

What is obsidian?

A

Obsidian is a black, volcanic rock from the mountains far to the north of Jericho.

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21
Q

What is an oasis?

A

An oasis is a place in the desert that has a dependable supply of water.

22
Q

What is import?

A

Import is trade goods brought in from other places.

23
Q

What is export?

A

Export is trade goods sent to other places.

24
Q

What is a complex society?

A

A complex society is a large community with a reliable food source, established laws, customs, and job specialization.

25
Q

What is a ziggurat?

A

A ziggurat is a stepped tower made of mud bricks.

26
Q

What is a city-state?

A

A city-state included a city and the area around it.

27
Q

What is a civilization?

A

A civilization is a complex society with developed forms of religion, ways of governing, and centers of learning.

28
Q

How did Paleolithic people live?

A

Paleolithic people lived as hunters and gathers and were nomads.

29
Q

What type of technology did Paleolithic people have?

A

Paleolithic people made technology that made hunting easier, like the atlatl, which was a spear.

30
Q

What type of homes did Paleolithic people live in?

A

Paleolithic people built shelters made of mammoth bones and sod.

31
Q

How did Paleolithic people travel?

A

Paleolithic people traveled using land bridges that connected continents.

32
Q

What was the purpose of domesticating animals?

A

The purpose of domesticating animals was for their meat and their labor.

33
Q

What types of homes did Neolithic people live in?

A

They lived in villages.

34
Q

What were the effects of farming?

A

The effect of farming were:

  • more food
  • larger families/bands
  • permanent settlements
35
Q

What area is known as the Fertile Crescent?

A

The area from the Nile River to the Tigris and the Euphrates.

36
Q

What was Jericho?

A

Jericho was an old farming settlement in southwestern Asia. It was an important trading center and depended on an oasis for water.

37
Q

What did people in Jericho do with their extra grains?

A

They traded their extra grains for obsidian.

38
Q

What did early people use obsidian for?

A

Early people used obsidian as mirrors and for tools.

39
Q

Why did the people of Jericho build walls?

A

The people of Jericho built walls to:

  • defend their water supply from enemies
  • keep floodwater from destroying their settlements
40
Q

What was Çatal Hüyük?

A

Çatal Hüyük was a mysteriously abandoned farming village in south central Turkey. It was founded around 7,000 B.C. and had approximately 6,000 people.

41
Q

What did they mainly grow in Çatal Hüyük?

A

They mainly grew wheat, barley, and peas in Çatal Hüyük.

42
Q

What type of homes did the people of Çatal Hüyük live in?

A

They lived in closely packed mud homes and entered through holes in the roof.

43
Q

What did the people of Çatal Hüyük import?

A

The people of Çatal Hüyük imported raw materials like shells, timber, flint, copper, obsidian, etc.

44
Q

What was the average life span of the people in Çatal Hüyük?

A

Men: 34 years avg.

Women: 29 years avg.

45
Q

What was Mesopotamia?

A

Mesopotamia was the area of the Fertile Crescent, where cities were first built.

46
Q

Where were the worlds first cities built?

A

The worlds first cities were built along the banks of the Nile, Tigris, and Euphrates-now southern Iraq.

47
Q

What was Ur?

A

Ur was a city in Mesopotamia that was settled before 3000 B.C.

48
Q

What were some specialized jobs that people had in Ur?

A
  • weaving
  • working with leather
  • making pottery
  • making copper
  • making stone
49
Q

What type of homes did the people of Ur live in?

A

The people of Ur lived in rectangular homes built of mud and stone.

50
Q

How was Ur a city-state?

A

Ur was a city-state because many nearby farming villages became under Ur’s control

51
Q

Where is Jericho now located?

A

Jericho is now located in the West Bank in southwestern Asia.

52
Q

Where is Çatal Hüyük now located?

A

Çatal Hüyük is now located in south central Turkey.

Social Studies (5 decks)

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