Chapter 2 - Sensation and Preception Flashcards
White of the eye
Sclera
Single rhodopsin, low sensitivity to detail, permit night vision, no color preception
Rods
Object recognition by parallel processing and feature detection, takes individual sensory stimuli combines together to create cohesive image, slower but less mistakes
Bottom-up
Info from man cells, group to form optic nerve
Ganglion Cells
3 places where vision is processed
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, Visual Cortex, and Superior Colliculus
Receive info from multiple retinal cells, edge detection and contrast
Horizontal and Amacrine Cells
Ability to use Bottom-up/Top-down processes to create complete picture
Perceptual Organization
Inner most layer of the eye, contains the actual photoreceptors that transduce light into electrical information the brain can process
Retina
Pain perception is part of the somatosensory
Nociceptors
3 types, sensitive to color, best in bright light, sense fine details
Cones
Ability to identify characteristics, apply characteristics to memory, recall word or objects
Parallel Processing
states there is a constant ratio between the change stimulus magnitude needed to produce jdn and magnitude of original stimulus
Weber’s Law
Normal temperature of the skin
Physiological Zero
Reduced to touch when listed as a sense, but is actually quite complex, four modalities: pressure, vibration, pain, and temperature
Somatosensation
Refers to the idea that we perceive certain characteristics of objects to remain the same
Constancy
Direct input for rods/cones, highlight gradients, synapse with ganglion cells
Bipolar Cells
Driven by memories and expectations, allow brain to recognize whole object then its components based on these expectations, quickly analyze without specific parts
Top-down
Respond to electromagnetic waves in the visible spectrum
Photoreceptors
Ability to tell where one’s body is in space, proprioception
Kinesthetic Sense
Refers to minimum distance necessary between two points of stimulation on the skin such that the points will be felt as two distinct stimuli
Two-point Threshold
Focuses incoming light, clear, domelike
Cornea
Recognition of features, identify desired object in visual field, narrow down specific thing
Feature Processing
