Chapter 2 Rocks Flashcards
Igneous
Are formed from volcanic activity.
Granite and basalt.
Rock
Rock is hard material that forms on earths crust.
Sedimentary
Formed from the remains of other rocks, plants, animals.
Limestone and sandstone.
Metamorphic
Were once igneous or sedimentary.
Changed in shape and form by great heat and pressure.
Marble and quartzite.
Natural resource
Something that occurs in nature and is of value to people.
Drilling
To extract oil or gas from an underground reservoir.
Takes place on land.
Open cast mining
It is used when the resource is on or close to the surface.
It is a cheap way.
But causes pollution-noise and dust.
Shaft mining
Used when the resource lies deep beneath the surface.
Extracts lead and zinc.
Benefits of natural gas
Employment
Local source of energy
Cut down on energy imports
Granite
Formation: underground when magma forced its way into the crust slowly cooled and hardened.
Texture & colour: rough, black,grey,pink
Uses & examples: building industry,Mourne and Wicklow mts
Basalt
Formation: lava spread across the earths surface cools quickly.
Texture & colour: smooth, grey,black.
Uses & examples: road building, giants causeway
Limestone
Formation: from skeletons of tiny sea creatures
Colour: White,grey
Uses & examples: cement, burren co. Clare
Sandstone
Formation: sand from surface of earth and compressed together
Colour: brown,red
Uses & examples: building material, mts of Munster
Marble
Formation: magma forces its way into limestone and changes to marble.
Colour: White,red,green,black.
Uses & examples: countertops, fireplaces,cork
Quartzite
Formation:sandstone came into contact with magma deep in earth’s crust.
Colour: grey,white
Examples: sugarloaf mt
