chapter 2 review Flashcards
What is chemistry and why are we concerned with it in an anatomy class?
Chemistry is the first step in the study of anatomy, it is the makeup & characteristics of all chemical reactions
What is matter?
anything that takes up space
Why do we weigh less on the moon?
because of gravity
What are elements?
the simplest matter
How much of the body is made-up of elements?
account more then 99% of atoms inside you
what are atoms made of?
protons, neutrons, electrons
what is the atomic number?
amount of protons
what is the atomic weight?
amount of protons plus neutrons
what is a covalent bond?
forms when atoms share electrons
what is an ionic bond?
gain, lose, or share electrons
what makes stable elements the way they are?
there is enough binding energy to hold the nucleus together
How are isotopes used in medicine?
treat health conditions
What are isotopes?
atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons and therefore have different physical properties
what are hydrogen bonds?
attraction between atoms (single bonds)
what are molecules?
two or more atoms bonded together
what are compounds?
atoms of different elements bond
what is the molecular formula?
the #’s and types of atoms
what is the structural formula?
the structures of atoms
what are the types of rxns?
Synthesis, decomposition, and exchange
what is synthesis?
2 or more atoms join together
what is decomposition?
larger molecules broken into smaller parts
what is exchange?
occurs as parts of molecules trade places
what is a reversible rxn?
products changed into original reactants
what is an acid?
hydrogen ions released in H2O
what is a base?
ions released that combine with hydrogen ions in water
how does the pH scale work 0-14?
3 is acidic
7 is normal
12 is basic
what does it mean when an atom is organic?
atoms that contain hydrogen and carbon
what does is mean when an atom is inorganic?
atoms that don’t have both hydrogen and carbon
