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ISA Utility Arborculture > Chapter 2 - Program Management > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Program Management Flashcards

1
Q

SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool and acronym. It stands for ______ _______ _______ _____

A

Strengths, Weaknesses, Objectives, Threats

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2
Q

Documents that describe, instruct, and direct work results are called ________

A

Specifications

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3
Q

Long Term planning is ______, Short Term Planning is _____

A

Strategic, Tactical

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4
Q

Maintenance operations schedule to take place in advance of failure of other problems is called_____

A

Preventative Maintenance

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5
Q

Maintenance operations that take place after a problem has occured is called ________

A

Reactive Maintenance

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6
Q

The planned period between line clearance operations is _______

A

Maintenance intervals (cycles)

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7
Q

Type of preventative maintenance performed continuously or at intervals, using field data to diagnose and monitor a condition or system. This has gained favor among utilities

A

Predictive Maintenance

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8
Q

Programs that target trees that are growing significantly faster than most of the other trees on a scheduled pruning cycle, enabling a longer interval for slower growing trees

A

Mid-Cycle Pruning

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9
Q

Utility pruning should be performed at intervals that _______ the need for reactive responses, but not so frequently, that the _______ exceeds the ______

A

minimize, cost, benefits

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10
Q

Predictive strategy designed to target trees as close as possible before they interfere with facilities is called ______-___-_____, and is a modification of hotspotting.

A

Just-in-time Management

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11
Q

Describe hotspotting

A

Process by which limited tree work is scheduled on a specific area of the network where shorts or outages are occurring

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12
Q

Circuit work vs Grid Work

A

Circuit work: completing all necessary line clearance on a feeder or circuit basis
Grid work: Distribution cycle work performed within a specific geographic boundary

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13
Q

A Project Management triple constraint triangle consists of _______, _______, and _______

A

time, cost, and scope

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14
Q

A prioritized outline of job components that must be completed for a successful project outcome is called ________ _____ _______

A

work breakdown structure

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15
Q

Define Critical Path

A

The longest period of time a series of tasks requires from project beginning to end

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16
Q

Relationships that dictate when tasks in the work breakdown structure begin and end are called ________

A

Dependencies

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17
Q

Mandatory Dependency

A

a dependency in the work breakdown structure in which one task cannot begin until another activity has ended

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18
Q

_______ ________ are developed by managers to meet specific objectives

A

Discretionary dependencies

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19
Q

______ _______ is a relationship between a task under the direction of the Project Management team and an action outside their control

A

External Dependency.

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20
Q

_______ _________ are scheduling tools that provide a visual means of tracking a project, representing the desired starting date for every task involved in a project and the estimated length of time each will take

A

Gantt Charts

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21
Q

______ ___________ are horizontal bar charts plotted along a timeline. They typically list activities or tasks associated with a project along the Y-axis and time along the X-axis

A

Gantt Charts

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22
Q

Computerized work management systems integrate multiple layers of data into a _____ _____ _____ (___) platform and are databases embedded with maps

A

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

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23
Q

_____ is a management plan for meeting an organization’s goals and objectives

A

Budget

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24
Q

Define Cost Centers

A

limited expenditures and do not generate income

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25
Q

Define Profit Centers

A

sources of revenue, such as products, services, region, etc

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26
Q

True or False: Vegetation Management departments are Cost Centers

A

True

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27
Q

_____ _____ change according to the level of activity during a set period of time, while _____ _____ do not.

A

Variable costs, Fixed costs

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28
Q

____ _____ are “stuck” in the short term and do not decline when sales fall

A

Fixed costs

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29
Q

____ ____ can be clearly attributed to a single organizational unit, service, or product, while ____ ____ cannot be readily associated with a specific project demand

A 
Direct Costs (example: labor)
Indirect Costs (example: travel)
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30
Q

____ ____ are monetary outlays for relatively large sums of money invested over multiple years. They are usually established separate from operating budgets

A

Capital Budgets

31
Q

Capital Expenditures

A

used to purchase fixed assets, which are durable items, such as Line Construction.

32
Q

____ _____ _____ _____ finance day to day activities including salaries, rent, etc.

A

Operating and Maintenance budgets

33
Q

Three Requirements of Operating Budgets

A
  1. ) Addresssing financial needs, resources, and plans
  2. ) Describing components of program costs, equipment, facilities, and personnel requirements
  3. ) Identifying the costs of achieving program goals and sources of revenut
34
Q

____ ____ _____ allocates funds by itemizing categories and accounts. Adjustments can be made readily, but creates difficulty to evaluate spend on different programs

A

Line Item Budgeting

35
Q

_____ ______ stresses the goals and objectives of the budgeted program, and often involves mission statemetns and performance measures

A

Performance Budgeting

36
Q

In _____ ______, line items are organized into programs rather than accounts. This focuses on outcomes, rather than inputs and it does not concentrate on the purpose and benefits of each program

A

Program Budgeting

37
Q

_____-____ _____ is a variation of program budgeting that is more results than financially driven.

A

Zero-based budgeting

38
Q

In _____ _______, executives set a budget that allows managers to plan the work in the context of company goals and policies. It is the most common budgeting type among Vegetation Management programs. Allows for most autonomy and greatest responsibility

A

Entrepreneurial Budgeting (also called expenditure-control, target-based, or envelope budgeting)

39
Q

______ for a higher price is better prices is a better sales strategy than ___ _____

A

Marketing, Low Bidding

40
Q

Describe Simple Cash Accounting

A

financial transactions are booked when they are paid. More straightforward but leaves a delay from the time transactions occur to when they are recorded. Leave opportunity to create false impression a project is on budget when it is not

41
Q

Describe Accrual Accounting

A

financial transactions are booked when they occur. More widely accepted, but is complicated and involves projects based on estimated and assumptions, which can create problems if they prove to be inaccurate

42
Q

____ is a promise of performance to approved vendors by a contractor that should be made in precise terms. It can be rejected or set to expire

A

Offer

43
Q

____ occurs when the contracting body agrees to purchase the product or service at a bidder’s price

A

Acceptance

44
Q

_____ involves the price bargained and offered by the contractor.

A

Consideration

45
Q

______ is the purpose of the contract.

A

Legal and Possible Objective

46
Q

____ ____ _____ is a requirement for both parties to have the legal capacity to enter into a contract.

A

Competent Parties Stipulation

47
Q

Three common contract types for Utility Vegetation Management

A

Time and Material
Unit Price
Lump Sum (Fixed Price)
Less Common is: Performance based

48
Q

_____ ___ ______ _____ are a method of providing a service in which all costs are passed onto the contracting agency, usually on an hourly basis. Best value for contractors; low risk for contractors & high risk for utility. Provide the most flexibility

A

Time and Material Contracts

49
Q

______ ____ _____ are results oriented method of providing a service that focuses on the outputs, quality, or outcomes including the achievement of specific, measurable performance standards and requirements. They include both monetary and non-monetary incentives and disincentives.Risk is shared between contractors and utility

A

Performance Based Contracts

-are modified T&M agreements to promote productivity and strategy

50
Q

_____ ____ ____ are a method of providing a service/product where an agreed upon amount is paid for each designated amount/unit/work completed. Utility is billed for each unit worked.Contractor risk is high. Gaining in popularity.

A

Unit Based Contracts

51
Q

___ ___ ____ is a strategy where vendors submit a single price for a set amount of work. Awarded on the basis of the price of an entire job with pay based on work. High risk for contractor. Key to success id detailed project specifications

A

Lump Sum (Fixed Price) Contracts

52
Q

In regards to Fleet Management, the best way to control costs is

A

to replace vehicles and equipment before they are worn out.

53
Q

____ _____ managers consider an individual’s qualities, like intelligence, moral character, and other talents to be inherited and are difficult to change

A

Fixed Mindset

54
Q

____ ____ managers consider individual qualities to be subject to improvement through hard work and practice, regardless of innate abilities

A

Growth Mindset

55
Q

Four domains of Emotional Intelligence

A

Self Awareness
Self Management
Social Awareness
Relationship Management

56
Q

Key points in Goal Setting

A

Goals should be based on strengths, not weaknesses
Employees should have central role in setting own goals
Plans should be flexible and enable preparation for future
Plans must be realistic with manageable steps
Plans should accommodate individuals learning style

57
Q

_____ _____ ____ is a contractual target against which a contractor is evaluated

A

Key Performance Indicator (KPI)

58
Q

A ____ _____ is an organization of employees that collectively negotiates wages, benefits, working conditions, and other matters

A

Labor Union. A group of workers is a bargaining unit

59
Q

Weingarten Rights

A

a union may request representation before at any time during an interview that will lead to discipline

60
Q

Communication between vegetation managers, contractors, supervisors, and workers should be both _____ and _____

A

written, verbal

61
Q

Long-term planning is ______, while short term planning is _____

A

strategic, tactical

62
Q

________ are documents that describe, instruct and direct work results

A

Specifications

63
Q

Research has shown trees are more likely to cause outages on _____ phase lines than on ____ phase lines

A

3ph, 1ph

64
Q

A results based strategy designed to target trees as close as possible to the time they interfere with facilities is known as ____-__-____ management

A

Just in time management

65
Q

A ____ ____ structure is a prioritized outline of job components that must be completed for a successful project outcome

A

Work Breakdown

66
Q

For most utilities, vegetation management departments are considered ____ ______ that do not generate income

A

cost centers

67
Q

Purchases of equipment or line construction are considered ____ expenses, whereas supply purchases or salaries are considered ____ expenses

A

Capital, Operating

68
Q

T&M contracts, which are based on hourly rates for labor and equipment, are generally ____ risk for contractors and ____ risk for utilities

A

Low, High

69
Q

____ ____ contracts are gaining popularity because the responsibility for productivity, work planning, and scheduling rests with the contractor

A

Unit Price

70
Q

Depreciation can be either ____- ____, in which costs are spread out over the lifetime of an item, or ______, in which the amount of depreciation taken is higher immediately after the purchase of an item

A

Straight Line, accelerated

71
Q

All of the following are approaches to work planning, except:

  1. ) cycle-based
  2. ) results-based
  3. ) objective-based
  4. ) crisis management
A

4.) crisis management

72
Q

Reactive maintenance can cost ____ as much as the cost of routine maintenance

A

five times

73
Q

In regards to personnel management, what is the most common reason people leave jobs?

A

treatment from supervisors

ISA Utility Arborculture (7 decks)

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