Chapter 1 - Safety Flashcards
Human error,
Willfull rule violation, and maliciousness are examples of ______\
Unsafe acts
Working circumstances, such as equipment failure, that could lead to injury or fatality
Unsafe working conditions
Discredited term for unplanned, undesirable event that could result in unintentional injuries or property damage that are attributed to fate or bad luck
Accident
An example of how unsafe acts or conditions that demonstrates how escalating factors lead to major incidents
Heinrich’s accident pyramid
The industry developed national consensus safety standard or practice in US
ANSI Z133
Electric flow in an unintended direction through a process whereby de-energized lines become energized from an external source
Back feed
A theory of industrial accident prevention that considers the overwhelming majority of incidents to be caused by unsafe acts
Behavior based principles
In the United States, enforcement of safety work resides with _______
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration
A worker neglecting to wear cut resistant chaps while operating a chainsaw is committing an unsafe ____, while and employee failing to provide chaos is creating an unsafe _____
Unsafe act, unsafe working condition
The ______-_____ rule suggests that workers should take time before starting a job to check for potentially unsafe conditions and confer about them
Two minute rule
According to ANSI Z133, the minimum approach distance for persons other than line-clearance qualified arborists for 7.2kV is ______ ft / ______ m
10, 3.5
Surface Temperatures are the point of contact with high voltage can reach _______ C / _______ F
1,000 , 1,832
The difference in voltage between two objects someone simultaneously contacts is termed ______ _____
Touch Potential
_______ ________ is the difference in voltage on the ground between two of a person’s body parts near where electricity goes into the ground
Step Potential
An energized human body, tree, or climbing rope are all examples of __________ _________ threats
Indirect Contact
The safety acronym S.T.A.R. is valuable for preventing errors and stands for
Stop, Think, Act Review
A high-reliability organization would not always accept the
simplest explanation for close calls or minor incidents
True or False: there are no published safety data related specifically to utility arborculture
True
Which of the following is not a recommended way for an employer to create a safe workplace:
A.) Provide a workplace that is free of known dangers
B.) Provide PPE free of charge
C.) Provide employees with minimal control over their work environment
D.) Inform employees of their rights and duties under the company’s safety and health program
C.) Provide employees with minimal control over their work environment
Name some ways an employer can create a safe work environment
- ) Provide a workplace that is free of known dangers
- ) Provide PPE free of charge
- ) Provide employees with control over their work environment
- ) Inform employees of their rights and duties under the company’s safety and health program
Unsafe Acts include:
- ) willfull rule violation
- ) maliciousness
- ) Human error
Why is the term accident in disfavor?
It implies that outcomes are due to bad luck
Unsafe Conditions include:
- ) Equipment failure
- ) Failure to provide PPE
- ) Inadequate training by employer
- ) Providing employees with minimal control over their work environment
Electric flow in an unintended direction through a process whereby de-energized lines become energized from an external source is called _____
Back Feed
Describe behavior based principles
a theory of accident prevention that considers the majority of incidents to be caused by unsafe acts
Why is over-reliance on discipline counter-productive to a safety program
- ) carries implication bad things happen to bad people
- ) undermines morale and creates mistrustful work environment
- ) discourages employers from coming forward to report close calls
- ) lose the opportunity to benefit from lessons learned
An electrical contact that occurs when someone touches an energized fixture is ____ ______
direct contact
Electric Shock vs Electrocution
Electric Shock: physiological reaction to the passage of electrical current through the human body
Electrocution: death from electric shock
Describe a High Reliability Organization
group that takes a systems approach to safety, recognizing that humans are imperfect and that errors have to be considered in the context of the system in which they occurred.
Lagging Indicators are ________
serious injuries or fatalities; at the top of the pyramid
Leading Indicators are ________
unsafe acts and close calls at the bottom of the accident pyramid
Describe Minimum Approach Distance
the distance from energized conductors inside of which LCQ arborists, incidental LCQ arborists, or other persons may not work. Distance increase with increasing voltage and training.
Refinement of the behavioral-based safety theory that considers workplace injuries to be caused by a number (rather than the number) of contributing factors and causes, which randomly interact is called ______ ______ _____
Multiple Causation Theory
Groups of employees responsible for developing safe work practices is called a _______ _______
Safety committee
