Chapter 2: Planting of English America

Question 1

What started the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 1

Protestant Queen Elizabeth ascending throne

Question 2

How did Elizabeth put down the Catholic Irish uprising?

Answer 2

English crown confiscated irish lands and planted them with Protestant landlords

Question 3

What did the English do to the Spanish to promote the twin goals of protestantism and plunder?

Answer 3

Seized spanish treasure ships and raided spanish settlements

Question 4

Francis Drake

Answer 4

most famous “sea dog”, went around the world, returned w/ spanish booty, profits of 4600% to financial backers (Queen Elizabeth)

Question 5

Where was the first English attempt at colonization? Who discovered it?

Answer 5

Newfoundland, Sir Walter Raleigh

Question 6

When Spain attacked England back in 1588, who won?

Answer 6

Spanish lost b/c sea dogs were swifter, more maneuverable and had more people

Question 7

What did the English sea dogs’ victory secure?

Answer 7

England’s naval dominance

Question 8

What led to the decline of Spanish imperial dreams?

Answer 8

defeat by the English armada, spanish Netherlands (Holland) secured independence and took Caribbean with them, spain had overreached itself

Question 9

What did England and Spain do to not stay completely hostile because of the naval war?

Answer 9

signed a treaty of peace in 1604

Question 10

What drove the need for colonizing among the English?

Answer 10

woolen districts (landlords securing lands for sheep grazing, depression, puritanism), laws of primogeniture, too many people

Question 11

Why was the Charter of the Virginia Company significant?

Answer 11

guaranteed overseas settlers same rights as Englishmen in motherland

Question 12

What person basically started the Anglo-Powhatan wars?

Answer 12

Lord de la Warr

Question 13

How did the first Anglo Powhatan war end?

Answer 13

ended by peace settlement, sealed by marriage of Pocahontas and John Rolfe

Question 14

What was the effect of the second Anglo Powhatan war?

Answer 14

origin of the indian reservation system– Indians and colonists no longer live together in Virginia, banished chesapeake indians from native lands, separated native from white areas of settlement

Question 15

John Rolfe

Answer 15

father of the tobacco industry; perfected methods of raising and curing tobacco, eliminated bitter tang

Question 16

What was Virginia’s prosperity built off of?

Answer 16

tobacco

Question 17

What was the House of Burgesses? Importance?

Answer 17

Virginia co.’s permission for settlers to summon and assembly, first of many small parliaments in America

Question 18

Lord Baltimore

Answer 18

founded Maryland as a profit and refuge for fellow catholics, expected feudalism

Question 19

What was Maryland’s principle crop? Who did the labor?

Answer 19

tobacco, white indentured servants

Question 20

What was Maryland’s Act of Toleration?

Answer 20

toleration for all Christians

Question 21

What was the foundation for the West Indie Company?

Answer 21

sugar

Question 22

What was the cause of the African Diaspora?

Answer 22

sugar lords importing mass amounts of African slaves

Question 23

How did lords control slaves?

Answer 23

slave codes

Question 24

What was the Barbados Slave Code? (1661)

Answer 24

denied fundamental rights to slaves, defined the slave system

Question 25

How did the West Indies get food and supplies?

Answer 25

imported from N. American mainland

Question 26

What was the system of the West Indies? Caribbean?

Answer 26

west indies: ecomienda system

caribbean: slave system

Question 27

What did Charles II HOPE that carolina would do?

Answer 27

grow foodstuffs to supple sugar plantations in Barbados and export non-english products

Question 28

Who aided in the Carolina indian slave trade?

Answer 28

savannah indians

Question 29

What did Carolina export?

Answer 29

indians, rice

Question 30

What class made up the majority of Carolina?

Answer 30

majority of pop. were Africans (1710), but otherwise, colonists were aristocratic

Question 31

Who colonized N. Carolina?

Answer 31

poor outcasts and religious dissenters

Question 32

N. Carolina and Rhode Island compared to the 13 colonies

Answer 32

most democratic, most independent minded, least aristocratic

Question 33

What group of Indians did the Carolinas unite to defeat?

Answer 33

tuscaroras

Question 34

Which groups remained in the interior of America?

Answer 34

Creeks, Cherokees, Iroquois

Question 35

What did the English crown intend Georgia to be? What was its actual purpose?

Answer 35

a buffer, founders made it a haven for souls imprisoned for debt

Question 36

James Oglethorpe

Answer 36

one of the founders of Georgia, interested in prison reform

Question 37

Who was tolerated in Georgia?

Answer 37

all Christian worshippers except Catholics

Question 38

John Wesley

Answer 38

founded the methodist church in England

Question 39

What did the southern mainland colonies have in common?

Answer 39

devoted to export of comm. ag. products, slavery, aristocratic (X: N. Carolina, Georgia), some religious toleration, Church of England = dominant faith

Question 40

Who founded the Iroquois Confederacy?

Answer 40

Deganawidah and Hiawatha

Question 41

What was the building block of the Iroquois confederacy?

Answer 41

longhouses