Chapter 2 - Parasites that infect and infest domestic animals Flashcards
What is parasitism?
an association between two organisms of different species in which one member (the parasite) lives on or within the other member (the host) and may cause harm. The parasite is metabolically dependent on the host
What is Monogenetic flukes?
also called monogenetic trematodes - are ectoparasites of fish, amphibians, and reptiles (they parasitize fish)
- they are rarely parasites on mammals
What is digenetic flukes?
are important parasites of both large and small animals.
- these flattened, leaf-shaped flukes are primarily endoparasites of the gastrointestinal tract
- can infect lungs and blood vasculature
- can be identified in the feces
What are true tapeworms?
are ribbonlike flatworms found in the gastronintestinal tracts of their definitive hosts
- they lack a gut - they absorb nutrients through their skin
What is the alimentary canal?
Mouth to anus -gut
What is tegument?
skin
What are pseudotapeworms?
flattened and ribbonlike
- resemble true tapeworms and are also found in the gastrointestinal tract of their definitive hosts
- use microscopic aquatic crustaceans and the musculature of fish and reptiles as intermediate hosts for part of their life cycle.
What are roundworms?
or nematodes are elongated, unsegumented, cylindric worms
- they are round when observed in cross section on histopathologic examination - largest group of helminths that parasitize domesticated animals
What are acanthocephalans?
thorny-headed worms - are elongated, unsemented, cylindric worms
- possess spiny proboscis used as an organ of attachment.
What are leeches?
are blood-feeding extoparasites of both wild and domesticated animals
- can produce significant pathology in both wild and domesticated animals but can also be beneficial when used after reconstructive surgical procedures in both animals and humans
What are causal agents?
an agent of something acting as a cause
What are intermediate hosts?
host that harbors the larval, juvenile, immature, or asexual stages of infections
What are toxins?
Poisonous substances
What are venomous substances?
Venom from a bite
What is the classification scheme for Monogenetic Trematodes?
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Platyhelminthes - flatworms Class: Trematoda - flukes subclass: monogenea - mongenetic flukes - ectoparasite of fish, amphibians, and reptiles