Chapter 2 - Parasites that infect and infest domestic animals Flashcards

1
Q

What is parasitism?

A

an association between two organisms of different species in which one member (the parasite) lives on or within the other member (the host) and may cause harm. The parasite is metabolically dependent on the host

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2
Q

What is Monogenetic flukes?

A

also called monogenetic trematodes - are ectoparasites of fish, amphibians, and reptiles (they parasitize fish)
- they are rarely parasites on mammals

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3
Q

What is digenetic flukes?

A

are important parasites of both large and small animals.

  • these flattened, leaf-shaped flukes are primarily endoparasites of the gastrointestinal tract
  • can infect lungs and blood vasculature
  • can be identified in the feces
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4
Q

What are true tapeworms?

A

are ribbonlike flatworms found in the gastronintestinal tracts of their definitive hosts
- they lack a gut - they absorb nutrients through their skin

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5
Q

What is the alimentary canal?

A

Mouth to anus -gut

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6
Q

What is tegument?

A

skin

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7
Q

What are pseudotapeworms?

A

flattened and ribbonlike

  • resemble true tapeworms and are also found in the gastrointestinal tract of their definitive hosts
  • use microscopic aquatic crustaceans and the musculature of fish and reptiles as intermediate hosts for part of their life cycle.
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8
Q

What are roundworms?

A

or nematodes are elongated, unsegumented, cylindric worms
- they are round when observed in cross section on histopathologic examination - largest group of helminths that parasitize domesticated animals

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9
Q

What are acanthocephalans?

A

thorny-headed worms - are elongated, unsemented, cylindric worms
- possess spiny proboscis used as an organ of attachment.

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10
Q

What are leeches?

A

are blood-feeding extoparasites of both wild and domesticated animals
- can produce significant pathology in both wild and domesticated animals but can also be beneficial when used after reconstructive surgical procedures in both animals and humans

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11
Q

What are causal agents?

A

an agent of something acting as a cause

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12
Q

What are intermediate hosts?

A

host that harbors the larval, juvenile, immature, or asexual stages of infections

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13
Q

What are toxins?

A

Poisonous substances

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14
Q

What are venomous substances?

A

Venom from a bite

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15
Q

What is the classification scheme for Monogenetic Trematodes?

A
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum:  Platyhelminthes - flatworms
Class: Trematoda - flukes
subclass: monogenea - mongenetic flukes
 - ectoparasite of fish, amphibians, and reptiles
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16
Q

What is the classification scheme for Digenetic Trematodes?

A
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class:  Trematoda
subclass:  digenea flukes
- important parasites of both large and small animals - flattened leaf shaped flukes
17
Q

Digenetic Trematodes are?

A

primarily endoparasites of the GI tract
can also infect lungs, blood vascuature
operculated eggs identified in feces

18
Q

Digenetic Trematodes scientific name “Paragonimus Kellicotti is what?

A

lung fluke in dogs and cats
found in fecal flotation or centrifugation
operculated eggs float in most fecal flotation solutions
Treated with Fenbendazole