Chapter 2 - Overview Of Cell And Plasma Membrane

Question 1

(1) consist of a plasma membrane, an inner cytoplasm with numerous organelles, and other cellular structures.

Answer 1

1. Cells

Question 2

Cytosol

Answer 2

The fluid portion of a cell.

Question 3

The (1) is the genetic center of cells and consists of fluid karyoplasm, chromatin (which contains (2)), and the nucleolus.

Answer 3

1. Nucleus
2. DNA

Question 4

What 3 things does the cytoskeleton consist of? It is also involved in maintaining cell (4), fixing (5), and directing some (6) activity.

Answer 4

1. Microtubules
2. Intermediate filaments
3. Microfilaments
4. Shape
5. Organelles
6. Cellular

Question 5

Mitochondria

Answer 5

The energy producing structures of the cell.

Question 6

Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

Assembles complex biomolecules and transports them out of the cell.

Question 7

Proteins are made in the cell by (1). If (1) are found by themselves in the cytoplasm they are termed (2). If (1) are found attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum they are (3).

Answer 7

1. Ribosomes
2. Free
3. Bound

Question 8

The (1) endoplasmic reticulum is in charge of making cellular proteins. The (2) endoplasmic reticulum is in charge of making lipids and breaking down (3) cellular materials.

Answer 8

1. Rough
2. Smooth
3. Toxic

Question 9

(1) are cellular sacs that hold liquids.

Answer 9

1. Vesicles

Question 10

(1) vesicles ingest material into the cell.

Answer 10

1. Phagocytic

Question 11

Lysosome

Answer 11

Contains digestive enzymes.

Question 12

Peroxisomes

Answer 12

Degrades toxic hydrogen peroxide in cells.

Question 13

Centrioles

Answer 13

Microtubules that are grouped together and are involved in cell division.

Question 14

The (1) is composed of a phospholipid bilayer. This bilayer has (2) molecules on the outside and inside of the (1) and a (3) layer in-between.

Answer 14

1. Plasma membrane
2. Phosphate
3. Lipid

Question 15

(1) molecules occur within the membrane, and depending on their concentration they can make the membrane stiff or more fluid

Answer 15

1. Cholesterol

Question 16

What proteins are found on the outside of the plasma membrane?

Answer 16

Peripheral proteins

Question 17

What proteins can pass through the plasma membrane?

Answer 17

Integral proteins

Question 18

Integral proteins frequently make up (1) or (2) that allow materials to pass through the membrane.

Answer 18

1. Gates
2. Channels

Question 19

What is generally found attached to proteins on the cell membrane and what is their purpose?

Answer 19

Carbohydrate chains. They provide cellular identity.